论帕特里克·莫迪亚诺《暗店街》中的多重空间书写  

Multiple Space Writing in Patrick Modiano's Missing Person

作　　者：贾美玉 JIA Meiyu

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学中法学院、法国和法语国家研究院

出　　处：《广东外语外贸大学学报》2024年第5期121-131,共11页Journal of Guangdong University of Foreign Studies

摘　　要：帕特里克·莫迪亚诺常常采用非传统的手法,如打破时间顺序和运用时空交叉,从而展现出独特的空间美学,而《暗店街》则是其中最具代表性的作品。自20世纪末,西方学界涌现出一股空间研究的浪潮,加斯东·巴什拉的空间诗学、约瑟夫·弗兰克的文学空间形式以及加布里埃尔·佐伦的叙事空间模型等理论广受关注。这些理论为深入挖掘《暗店街》的空间书写提供了理论基础和分析框架。莫迪亚诺精妙地建构了由迷宫巴黎-身份迷宫、阿里阿德涅线的链条结构,以及门和窗点状空间意象组成的多重维度空间。首先,迷宫巴黎不仅代表地理上的错综复杂,更是象征着身份的迷宫。作者通过主人公在迷宫般的城市中的漫游,生动地描绘了身份探索的复杂性。其次,小说采用了侦探小说式的书写方式,赋予了叙事链条化的结构,生动地呈现了散落的碎片化记忆如何有机地构筑起叙事线索,成为走出迷宫的阿里阿德涅线。最后,典型的点状空间意象门和窗可以反映人物的内心世界和人类普遍的生存境况。它们不仅是物理空间的元素,更是情感和心理状态的外部投射。莫迪亚诺利用空间这一叙事载体,延续对“追忆”和“寻根”等永恒主题的书写。该作品不仅深刻反映了空间、记忆与身份之间的紧密联系,还探讨了人类在都市中的流动性与困境,具有重要的文化和社会意义。Patrick Modiano often employs unconventional methods in his works, such as disrupting chronological order and utilizing spatial-temporal cross-overs, showcasing a unique spatial aesthetic. Missing Person stands as a prime example. Since the late 20th century, Western academia has seen a surge in spatial studies, with theories like Gaston Bachelard's spatial poetics, Joseph Frank's spatial form in literature, and Gabriel Zoran's narrative space model gaining attention. These theories provide a framework for analyzing the spatial narrative in Missing Person. Modiano skillfully constructs a multi-dimensional space with elements like the labyrinthine Paris, the Ariadne's thread-like narrative structure, and the emblematic point-space images of doors and windows. Firstly, it becomes evident that the labyrinthine Paris not only symbolizes geographical complexity but also serves as a metaphor for an identity maze. The author vividly portrays the complexity of identity exploration by describing the protagonist's wanderings within the maze-like city. Secondly, the novel employs a detective-novel-style narrative, imbuing it with a chain-like structure. This structure vividly presents how scattered fragmented memories organically construct narrative threads, serving as the Ariadne's thread to lead one out of the maze. Lastly, typical point-like spatial images of doors and windows can reflect characters' inner worlds and the universal human condition. These elements not only represent physical spaces but also project emotional and psychological states. Through this spatial narrative, Modiano continues to explore eternal themes such as memory and identity, reflecting the intricate relationship between space, memory, and identity and examining human mobility and predicaments in urban settings.

关 键 词：帕特里克·莫迪亚诺 《暗店街》 空间叙事 迷宫巴黎 无意识记忆 

分 类 号：I106.4[文学—世界文学]