含电磁分流阻尼双层准零刚度隔振系统的动力学特性分析  

Dynamic Characteristics of a Two-stage Quasi-zero-stiffness Vibration Isolation System with Electromagnetic Shunt Damping

作　　者：马召召 周瑞平[1] 杨庆超[3] LEE Heow Pueh 柴凯 MA Zhaozhao;ZHOU Ruiping;YANG Qingchao;LEE Heow Pueh;CHAI Kai(School of Naval Architecture,Ocean and Energy Power Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430063;Department of Mechanical Engineering,National University of Singapore,Singapore 117575,Singapore;College of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering,Naval University of Engineering,Wuhan 430033)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学船海与能源动力工程学院,武汉430063 [2]新加坡国立大学机械工程系,新加坡117575 [3]海军工程大学舰船与海洋学院,武汉430033

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2024年第5期157-168,共12页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51579242,51839005,52201389);湖北省自然科学基金(2018CFB182/2022CFB405);国家留学基金委(202206950004)资助项目。

摘　　要：双层准零刚度隔振器(Two-stage quasi-zero-stiffness vibration isolator,TQZS VI)可以有效地抑制低频振动以及迅速衰减高频振动,电磁分流阻尼器(Electromagnetic shunt damping,ESD)也被证明是从振动结构收集能量的可行方式。通过集成TQZS VI和ESD,提出了一种能够实现振动控制和能量收集双功能的新型TQZS VI。所提出装置的准零刚度是通过垂直弹簧与两个并联的横向弹簧实现的,电磁分流阻尼作为上下层之间的黏性耗散元件,由连接到外部谐振电阻-电容-电感(Resistance-capacitance-inductance,RCI)串联电路的ESD提供。首先,建立了含电磁分流阻尼双层准零刚度隔振器(Two-stage quasi-zero-stiffness vibration isolator with electromagnetic shunt damping,ESD-TQZS VI)的力学模型和数学模型。然后,采用谐波平衡方法(Harmonic balance method,HBM)和弧长延拓方法求解了ESD-TQZS VI的幅频响应方程。从力传递率和输出功率的角度,分析了系统参数对振动隔离和能量收集性能的影响,发现大阻尼比有利于衰减谐振峰,同时对能量收集影响较小;大分流电阻不利于衰减谐振峰,而且会使得系统隔振频带变窄。最后,揭示了参数优化后ESD-TQZSVI的分岔及吸引子共存特性。结果表明,ESD-TQZS VI能够显著衰减低频振动的谐振峰值,同时实现振动能量收集。Two-stage quasi-zero-stiffness vibration isolator(TQZS VI)can effectively suppress low-frequency vibrations and quickly attenuate high-frequency vibrations.An electromagnetic shunt damping(ESD)has also been proven to be a feasible way to harvest energy from vibrating structures.By integrating the TQZS VI and the ESD,a novel TQZS VI that realizes dual functions of vibration control and energy harvesting is proposed.Both layers of quasi-zero-stiffness are achieved by a vertical spring connected in parallel with two symmetrical transverse springs,and electromagnetic shunt damping as a viscous dissipative element between the upper and lower layers is provided by an ESD connected to an external resonant resistance-capacitance-inductance(RCI)series circuit.First,the mechanical and mathematical models of the two-stage quasi-zero-stiffness vibration isolator with electromagnetic shunt damping(ESD-TQZS VI)are established.Then,the amplitude-frequency response equation of the ESD-TQZS VI is solved using the harmonic balance method(HBM)and the arc length continuation method.Moreover,the force transmissibility and output power of the ESD-TQZS VI are defined,and the effects of system parameters on vibration isolation and energy harvesting are analyzed.It is found that a sizeable damping ratio is beneficial for attenuating resonance peaks while having a negligible effect on energy harvesting.Significant shunt resistance is not conducive to attenuating resonant peaks and can narrow the isolation frequency band of the system.Finally,the bifurcation and attractor coexistence characteristics of the ESD-TQZS VI system after parameter optimization are revealed.The results indicate that the ESD-TQZS VI can considerably attenuate resonance peaks of low-frequency vibration and achieve vibration energy harvesting at the same time.

关 键 词：准零刚度 双层隔振 低频振动 能量收集 电磁分流阻尼 

分 类 号：TH113[机械工程—机械设计及理论]