云南大学生手机依赖与抑郁症状的纵向关联  

Longitudinal association between mobile phone dependence and depressive symptoms in Yunnan college students

作　　者：陶剑 刘月芹[1,2] 杨品 杨洁茹 吴后艳 周菲惠 潘丽娟 徐洪吕 TAO Jian;LIU Yueqin;YANG Pin;YANG Jieru;WU Houyan;ZHOU Feihui;PAN Lijuan;XU Honglü(Medical College,Kunming University,Kunming(650214),Yunnan Province,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]昆明学院医学院,云南650214 [2]昆明学院社区护理研究团队 [3]大理护理职业学院

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2024年第4期554-559,共6页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(82160622);云南省“兴滇英才支持计划”青年人才专项项目(XDYC-QNRC-2022-0289);昆明学院引进人才科研项目(YJL2103)。

摘　　要：目的分析手机依赖与大学生抑郁症状的纵向关联,为大学生心理健康教育提供理论依据。方法于2021年11月—2023年6月,采用整群随机抽样方法从云南省2所高校抽取2515名大一年级学生进行问卷调查,包括基线调查(2021年11月,T1)和3次随访(2022年6月,T2;2022年11月,T3;2023年6月,T4)。应用青少年手机使用依赖自评问卷和抑郁-焦虑-压力量表-21(DASS-21)评估大学生手机依赖情况和抑郁症状;采用χ^(2)检验对抑郁症状检出率进行单因素分析,应用广义估计方程进行手机依赖症状与抑郁症状的关联分析。结果云南大学生抑郁症状检出率T1、T2、T3、T4时点分别为23.02%,33.36%,34.79%,35.51%。在时点T1、T2、T3、T4不同自评学习负担,时点T1、T2、T3不同亲密朋友数量,时点T1不同父亲文化程度,时点T2、T4不同母亲文化程度,时点T4不同性别,时点T3、T4不同专业,时点T2、T3、T4不同学历,时点T1、T2不同家庭居住地,时点T1、T2、T4不同自评家庭经济条件的大学生抑郁症状检出率差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为59.68,49.38,16.70,39.31;55.35,26.01,16.69;10.22;14.87,11.51;14.90;27.81,50.28;9.75,7.42,24.76;6.06,4.47;15.88,14.58,15.85,P值均<0.05)。在广义估计方程模型控制人口学变量及混杂因素后,手机依赖、手机依赖戒断症状、手机依赖身心影响与抑郁症状均呈正相关(β值分别为0.11,0.14,0.14,P值均<0.01);进一步分性别分析显示,男生和女生的抑郁症状与手机依赖、手机依赖戒断症状、手机依赖身心影响均存在关联(β值分别为0.13,0.13,0.18;0.10,0.13,0.13,P值均<0.01)。结论大学生抑郁症状与手机依赖呈正相关,家庭经济条件、学习负担、亲密朋友数量是持续影响抑郁症状的因素。应引导大学生关注手机过度使用对身心健康的影响,合理使用手机,降低大学生抑郁症状发生率。Objective To analyze the longitudinal association between mobile phone dependence and depressive symptoms in college students,so as to provide a theoretical basis for psychological health education among college students.Methods From November 2021 to June 2023,2515 first-year students from 2 universities in Yunnan Province were surveyed with a questionnaire by a cluster random sampling method,including baseline survey(November 2021,T1)and three follow-up visits(June 2022,T2;November 2022,T3;June 2023,T4).The Self-rating Questionnaire for Adolescent Problematic Mobile Phone Use and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21(DASS-21)were used to evaluate mobile phone dependence and depressive symptoms of college students.The χ^(2) test was used to analyze the difference in depressive symptoms among different demographic groups,and a generalized estimation equation model was established to analyze the association between mobile phone dependence symptoms and depressive symptoms.Results The detection rates of depressive symptoms among university students in Yunnan Province at time points T1,T2,T3,and T4 were 23.02%,33.36%,34.79%and 35.51%,respectively.There were statistically significant differences in the detection rates of depressive symptoms among college students with different sacademic burden(T1,T2,T3,T4),different number of close friends(T1,T2,T3),as well as their father's educational level(T1),mother's educational level(T2,T4),gender(T4),major(T3,T4),education(T2,T3,T4),family residency(T1,T2),and family economic conditions(T1,T2,T4)(χ2=59.68,49.38,16.70,39.31;55.35,26.01,16.69;10.22;14.87,11.51;14.90;27.81,50.28;9.75,7.42,24.76;6.06,4.47;15.88,14.58,15.85,P<0.05).After controlling for demographic variables and confounding factors in the generalized estimation equation model,mobile phone dependence(β=0.11),withdrawal symptoms of mobile phone dependence(β=0.14),and the physical and mental effects of mobile phone dependence(β=0.14)were all positively correlated with depressive symptoms(P<0.01).Further gender a

关 键 词：便携式电话 行为 成瘾 抑郁 精神卫生 学生 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] B844.2[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] TN916.9[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学] TN711[哲学宗教—心理学]