江油市4家县级医院临床护士职业倦怠、D型人格与情绪智力的相关性分析  

Correlation analysis of occupational burnout,D-type personality and emotional intelligence among clinical nurses in four county-level hospitals in Jiangyou City

作　　者：胡建蓉[1] 周玥杉 张丹[1] 刘江玲 HU Jianrong;ZHOU Yueshan;ZHANG Dan;LIU Jiangling(Nursing Department,Jiangyou People's Hospital,Jiangyou Sichuan,621700,China)

机构地区：[1]江油市人民医院护理部,四川江油621700

出　　处：《职业与健康》2024年第5期592-596,共5页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的探讨县级医院临床护士情绪智力在职业倦怠与D型人格间的中介效应,为护理管理者制定针对性措施提供科学依据。方法2022年1-3月采用一般资料问卷、职业倦怠问卷、D型人格量表、情绪智力量表对江油市4所县级医院的1181名护理人员进行调查。结果临床护士职业倦怠得分为(54.73±24.50)分,出现职业倦怠612人,占51.82%,情绪智力得分为(64.01±16.57)分,D型人格得分为(16.29±8.98)分,D型人格检出率为34.21%。不同年龄、工龄、所在科室、医院等级、层级、职称、婚姻状态、最高学历、夜班轮值及专科/进修的临床护士职业倦怠评分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);不同年龄、工龄、所在科室、层级、医院等级、最高学历及参与夜班轮值的临床护士D型人格评分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);不同科室的情绪智力评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。D型人格各维度及总分与职业倦怠各维度及总分呈正相关(均P<0.01),情绪智力各维度得分及总分与职业倦怠各维度及总分均呈负相关(均P<0.01)。情绪智力在D型人格与职业倦怠间的中介效应为0.233,95%CI为0.156~0.271(P<0.05);总效应为0.678,95%CI为0.521~0.748(P<0.05),中介效应占总效应的34.4%。结论县级医院临床护士职业倦怠水平较高,情绪智力在职业倦怠与D型人格间存在中介效应。护理管理者应该根据护士人格特征制定干预措施,以提升其情绪智力水平,维持心理健康状态,促进团队稳定发展。Objective To explore the mediating effect of emotional intelligence between job burnout and D-type personality among clinical nurses in county-level hospitals,provide scientific basis for nursing managers to formulate targeted measures.Methods From January to March 2022,1181 nurses in four county-level hospitals in Jiangyou City were surveyed by using general information questionnaire,job burnout questionnaire,D-type personality scale,and emotional intelligence scale.Results The job burnout score of clinical nurses was(54.33±24.50)points,and 612(51.82%)had job burnout.The emotional intelligence score was(64.01±16.57)points,the D-type personality score was(16.29±8.98)points,and the detection rate of D-type personality was 34.21%.There were statistically significant differences in the job burnout scores among clinical nurses with different age,length of service,department,hospital level,rank,professional title,marital status,highest education,night shift,specialist/further training(all P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the D-type personality scores among clinical nurses with age,years of service,department,rank,hospital level,highest education,and participation in night shift(all P<0.05).There was statistically significant difference in emotional intelligence score among clinical nurses in different departments(P<0.05).The total score and dimension score of D-type personality were positively correlated with total score and dimension score of job burnout(all P<0.05),the total score and dimension score of emotional intelligence were negatively correlated with total score and dimension score of job burnout(all P<0.05).The mediating effect of emotional intelligence between D-type personality and job burnout was 0.233,95%CI was 0.156-0.271(P<0.05),the total effect was 0.678,95%CI was 0.521-0.748(P<0.05),and the mediating effect accounted for 34.4%of the total effect.Conclusions The clinical nurses in county-level hospitals have a higher level of job burnout,and emotional intelligence has a m

关 键 词：D型人格 情绪智力 职业倦怠 护士 中介效应 

分 类 号：R181.31[医药卫生—流行病学]