儿科经典名方导赤散的古今文献考证  

Textual Research of Pediatric Famous Classical Formula Daochisan Based on Ancient and Modern Literature

作　　者：梁绿圆 万和伽 张进彦 刘珂珂 曹佳蕾 谭祥汉 魏炳琦 马丙祥[4] 贺亚静 LIANG Lyuyuan;WAN Hejia;ZHANG Jinyan;LIU Keke;CAO Jialeil;TAN Xianghan;WEI Bingqi;MA Bingxiang;HE Yajing(Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Henan Liang Jishi Research Institute of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450000,China;Weill Cornell Medicine,Cornell University,New York 10065,USA;The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450099,China)

机构地区：[1]河南中医药大学,郑州450046 [2]河南梁济时中医药科技研究院,郑州450000 [3]康奈尔大学威尔医学院,纽约10065 [4]河南中医药大学第一附属医院,郑州450099

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2024年第11期218-227,共10页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81904252);河南省科技攻关项目(222102310454);河南省特色骨干学科中医学学科建设项目(STG-ZYX06-202144)。

摘　　要：导赤散是一首被历代医家传承发扬的清心利水养阴的儿科经典名方。该方最早可追溯到宋代钱乙的《小儿药证直诀》,后世发展的导赤散(汤)多根据该方进行加减。通过系统整理相关古籍及现代文献,采用文献计量学方法对导赤散的组成、炮制、制法与应用进行考证分析。该研究共纳入相关有效古籍文献127条,涉及中医古籍86部。经考证,古籍中该方的药物基原基本清晰,地黄为玄参科植物地黄Rehmannia glutinosa的块根,木通为木通科植物木通Akebia quinata的干燥藤茎,甘草为豆科植物甘草Glycyrrhiza uralensis的干燥根和根茎,竹叶为禾本科植物淡竹Phyllostachys nigra var.henonis的干燥叶,建议4味药均用生品。药物剂量与煎服方法的关键信息为“生地黄、生甘草、木通各4.13 g,加水300 mL,后加竹叶4.13 g同煎至150 mL,食后温服”。导赤散具有清心养阴、利水通淋的功效,可用于治疗心胸烦热、口渴面赤、口舌生疮、小便赤涩刺痛等心经热盛症状。现代研究表明,导赤散常用于治疗口腔溃疡、疱疹性口腔炎、尿路感染、带状疱疹等疾病,上述研究结果为导赤散后期开发研究提供了参考依据。Daochisan is a pediatric famous classical formula in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)specializing in clearing the heart,disinhibiting water and enriching Yin,which has been inherited and developed by medical experts of successive generations.The formula can be traced back to Xiaoer Yaozheng Zhijue written by QIAN Yi from Song dynasty,and most of the later-developed Daochisan(Daochitang)is based on this formula with additions and subtractions.So as to promote the literature excavation of this formula,this paper conducts a thorough textual research and analysis of the composition,processing,preparation methods,clinical applications of Daochisan based on a systematic collation of relevant ancient and modern literature in the method of bibliometrics.A total of 127 pieces of data involving 86 antient TCM books were collected.Statistical analysis showed that the drug origin of Daochisan is basically clear,we suggest that Rehmanniae Radix is the root tuber of Rehmannia glutinosa of Scrophulariaceae,Akebiae Caulis is the dry stem of Akebia quinata of Lardizabalaceae,Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma is the dry root and stem of Glycyrrhiza uralensis of legume,bamboo leaf is the dry leaves of Phyllostachys nigra var.henonis of gramineous plants.Four herbs are recommended to use its raw products.The key information of the dosage and decocting method is supposed to be"4.13 g each of raw Rehmanniae Radix,raw Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,Akebiae Caulis,adding 300 mL of water,and then adding 4.13 g of bamboo leaf,decocting together to 150 mL,taking warmly after meal".Daochisan has the effect of clearing the heart and enriching Yin,disinhibiting water and relieving stranguria,and is widely used in treating symptoms such as heart vexed hotness,hydrodipsia and reddish complexion.Modern studies have showed that Daochisan are frequently used in treating oral ulcer,herpetic stomatitis,urinary tract infection,herpes zoster and other diseases.The above research results can provide scientific reference for the future development and resea

关 键 词：导赤散 源流 方义 功效 临床应用 儿科经典名方 文献考证 

分 类 号：R22[医药卫生—中医基础理论] R72[医药卫生—中医学] R28[文化科学—图书馆学] G254