AI大语言模型背景下的修辞学研究  

Rhetorical Studies in the Context of Large Language Models(LLMs)

作　　者：崔希亮[1] 赵霞 Cui Xiliang;Zhao Xia

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学国际中文教育研究院,北京100083 [2]剑桥大学亚洲与中东学院,英国剑桥

出　　处：《当代修辞学》2024年第3期24-36,共13页Contemporary Rhetoric

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“以学习者为中心的国际中文教育理论探索和应用实践研究”(项目编号:22JJD740014)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本文旨在探讨人工智能背景下当代修辞学的发展及其面临的挑战。文章首先简要介绍大语言模型发展的过程,回顾西方修辞学和中国修辞学的传统理论框架,指出在大语言模型背景下当代修辞学研究的重新定位,内容包括:修辞学的本体研究、学科融合、情感转向、数字化、认知研究、生态转向。然后从语言理解和生成的角度对五家大语言模型进行了测试。文章发现大语言模型已经具备了一般的语言修辞能力,但是在理解复杂语义关系方面还存在一定的局限性。大语言模型的修辞理解和修辞生成能力给我们的启发是人工智能为修辞学带来了新的研究路径和变革的可能性。最后,文章展望了人工智能与修辞学未来的发展趋势,指出了人工智能大语言模型对修辞学研究可能带来的影响。This paper aims to explore the new developments in contemporary rhetoric studies against the backdrop of artificial intelligence(AI)and the challenges they face.It briefly introduces the development of large language models,reviews the traditional theoretical frameworks of Western and Chinese rhetoric research and outlines the repositioning of contemporary rhetoric studies in the context of large language models,including the ontological research in rhetoric,interdisciplinary approach,emotional orientation,digitization,psychological and cognitive linguistics approaches,and ecological orientation.Then the paper tests natural language understanding and generation of five large language models.It is found that large language models have acquired general rhetorical abilities,but there are still limitations in the interpretation of complex semantic relationships.The abilities of the large language models to comprehend and generate rhetoric suggest that artificial intelligence has brought new research methods and possibilities for innovation to the field of rhetoric.The paper concludes by pointing out possible future developments of artificial intelligence and rhetoric.It also points out the potential impact that large language models may have on rhetorical studies.

关 键 词：人工智能 大语言模型 修辞学 语言理解与生成 

分 类 号：H05[语言文字—语言学] TP18[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程]