基于快速构造约束的叠前地震反演及储层岩性识别方法  

Fast structurally constrained pre-stack seismic inversion and reservoir lithology identification

作　　者：吴怡 袁俊亮 邢希金 杜天玮 张向阳 樊强强 WU Yi;YUAN JunLiang;XING XiJin;DU TianWei;ZHANG XiangYang;FAN QiangQiang(CNOOC Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100028,China;Kunlun Digital Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100007,China;Beijing Precise Energy Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100085,China)

机构地区：[1]中海油研究总院有限责任公司,北京100028 [2]昆仑数智科技有限责任公司,北京100007 [3]北京普瑞斯安能源科技有限公司,北京100085

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2024年第2期867-877,共11页Progress in Geophysics

摘　　要：叠前地震反演聚焦于叠前道集振幅随偏移距/入射角的变化特征,是储层定量预测的关键技术.针对高倾角、断层等复杂构造区,常规叠前地震反演的稳定性、连续性和保真度受限.基于此,本文发展了一套基于快速构造约束的叠前地震反演及储层岩性识别方法.充分考虑地震数据的反射特征,通过计算地层倾角表征地层构造特征,构建构造特征算子和岩性敏感因子表征的目标泛函,实现基于构造约束的叠前地震反演及储层岩性稳定识别.模型试算和实际应用表明该方法可以有效提高叠前地震反演的抗噪性和储层岩性识别的可靠性,尤其针对复杂构造区.Pre-stack seismic inversion focuses on the variation of amplitude with offsets/angles,which is a key technique for quantitative prediction of reservoirs.The stability,continuity and fidelity of conventional pre-stack seismic inversion are limited for complex structures such as high-dipping and faults.Based on this,we developed a fast structurally constrained pre-stack seismic inversion and reservoir lithology identification method.Firstly,we take into account the reflection features of seismic data,because the reflection features can represent the trend of seismic reflection events.The seismic reflection features can be characterized by the dip angles,which can be obtained from the poststack seismic data.Secondly,we construct the structural feature constraints and objective functions without rearranging the seismic gathers.On the one hand,the target generalized function is characterized by the lithology sensitivity factor,which makes it possible to identify the lithology directly.On the other hand,the Hadamard product operator is introduced to avoid the rearrangement of seismic gathers,which greatly improves the computational cost.Then,the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers(ADMM)algorithm is used to solve the objective function.Finally,numerical experiments and practical application show that this method can effectively improve the noise resistance of pre-stack seismic inversion and the reliability of reservoir lithology identification,especially in complex geology.

关 键 词：叠前地震反演 岩性识别 构造约束反演 多道反演 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] P738[天文地球—地质学]