无人艇载单道地震系统集成与海试验证  

Integration and sea test of single-channel seismic system mounted on unmanned surface vehicle

作　　者：李天光 郑江龙 李林伟 江彪 谢晋兴 黄晓鑫 孟凡盛 惠格格 黄逸凡 LI TianGuang;ZHENG JiangLong;LI LinWei;JIANG Biao;XIE JinXing;HUANG XiaoXin;MENG FanSheng;HUI GeGe;HUANG YiFan(Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai),Zhuhai 519000,China;Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenzhen 518055,China)

机构地区：[1]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海),珠海519000 [2]中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院,深圳518055

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2024年第2期878-884,共7页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海)资助项目(SML2021SP318)资助。

摘　　要：无人化作业是一个海洋探测技术发展的大趋势,单/多波束测深仪、侧扫声呐、浅地层剖面仪、CTD等都已实现无人平台搭载和自动化作业,而地震勘探尚未实现全系统无人自主化.本文对无人艇集成单道地震系统的关键技术进行介绍,并通过海上试验验证了无人化地震勘探作业的可行性.海上观测系统采用纵向排列方式,震源集成在无人艇船底,以确保勘探作业过程中的灵活性,船后拖曳短排列、窄间距的接收缆,以减小排列方式对浅部地层探测效果的影响.试验结果表明,当设定的偏移距为10 m时,在水深10~15 m左右的海域能取得较为理想的勘探效果,海底以下地层反射同相轴清晰且连续可追踪,纵向分辨率在1 m左右.Unmanned operation is a major trend in the development of marine survey technology.Multiple survey equipment,such as single/multi-beam bathymetry,side-scan sonar,sub-bottom profiler and CTD,have achieved Unmanned Surface Vehicle(USV)carrying and automated operation.However,seismic exploration has not yet realized full-system unmanned autonomy.This paper introduces the key technologies of the USV integrated with a single-channel seismic system and verifies the feasibility of unmanned seismic exploration operations through offshore tests.The USV in this work is a commercial catamaran,model L25C,designed for hydrographic surveying.The seismic source used is a homemade boomer,which is designed and integrated into the bottom of the USV to keep flexibility during exploration.A short-arranged and narrow-spaced hydrophone streamer is selected to reduce the influence of the hydrophone array length on the detection effect of shallow strata.The streamer is towed behind the USV with a short offset to keep flexibility.Meanwhile,the towing distance of the hydrophone streamer must also consider the influence of the propeller wake on the receiving signal.We determined the source-receiver offset through the try-and-error method.The sea test results show that when the source-receiver offset distance is 10 m,the seismic imaging result can be more satisfactory in the water depth between 10~15 m.The strata reflection event is continuously and traceable,and the longitudinal resolution is about 1 m.

关 键 词：海洋地质调查 单道地震 Boomer震源 无人化作业 无人艇 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] P738[天文地球—地质学]