长沙市健康促进学校模式对中小学生健康干预效果评价  

Evaluation of health intervention effect on primary and middle school students under health promotion model in Changsha

作　　者：周婧瑜[1] 文可欣 周苍海[1] 许黎[1] 韩璐[2] ZHOU Jing-yu;WEN Ke-xin;ZHOU Cang-hai;XU Li;HAN Lu(Changsha Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changsha,Hunan 410001,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]长沙市疾病预防控制中心,长沙410001 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心,北京102206

出　　处：《疾病预防控制通报》2024年第2期17-21,共5页Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)

基　　金：长沙市科学技术局科研立项(kq1801137)。

摘　　要：目的 了解湖南省长沙市健康促进学校建设前后中小学生健康素养、常见病患病情况和体质健康,为提升中小学生健康素养和健康行为养成提供参考依据。方法采用多阶段整群抽样方法,在开展健康促进学校建设的学校中抽取小学、初中、高中各1所作为干预组,在未开展健康促进学校建设的学校中配对抽取小学、初中、高中各1所作为对照组,分别于健康促进学校建设前后开展健康素养调查、体检和体质健康测试,比较两组干预效果。结果健康促进学校建设后,干预组初中学生健康素养水平由62.32%上升至83.92%( χ^(2)=18.771,P<0.001),高中学生由22.30%上升至45.45%( χ^(2)=31.301,P<0.001);初中学生扁桃体肿大患病率由8.58%下降至4.48%( χ^(2)=4.050,P=0.044),且龋齿患病率由17.27%下降至11.03%( χ^(2)=4.718,P=0.029),高中学生鼻炎患病率由8.49%下降至3.55%( χ^(2)=6.204,P=0.013),且龋齿患病率由5.22%下降至2.09%( χ^(2)=4.082,P=0.043),超重率由8.19%下降至3.72%( χ^(2)=4.341,P=0.037),低体重率由7.43%下降至0.00%( χ^(2)=18.543,P<0.001);体质健康测试分数初中学生由(71.06±14.15)分上升至(74.72±10.03)分(t=3.417,P<0.001),高中学生由(63.67±11.06)分上升至(74.96±14.47)分(t=10.120,P<0.001)。结论健康促进学校建设有助于提升学生健康素养,降低部分常见病发病率,提升学生体质健康水平;健康促进学校建设过程中,应形成“政府主导、部门协作、学校实施、专业指导、社会参与”的综合运行模式,使学生树立受益终生的健康生活理念和健康行为。Objective To understand the health literacy,prevalence of common diseases and physical health of primary and secondary school students before and after the construction of health promotion schools in Changsha city of Hunan province so as to provide reference for primary and secondary school students to improve health literacy and develop health behavior.Methods With the multi-stage cluster sampling method,one primary school,one junior high school and one senior high school were selected as the intervention group from the schools with the construction of health promotion.Another one primary school,one junior high school and one senior high school were selected as the control group from the schools without the construction of health promotion.The health literacy survey,physical examination and physical health test were carried out before and after the construction of the health promotion schools,and the intervention effects were compared.Results After the construction of health promotion schools,the health literacy level of the students in junior high school increased from 62.32%to 83.92%(χ^(2)=18.771,P<0.001),and that of the students in high school increased from 22.30%to 45.45%(χ^(2)=31.301,P<0.001).In junior high school students,the prevalence of tonsil enlargement decreased from 8.58%to 4.48%(χ^(2)=4.050,P=0.044),and the prevalence of dental caries decreased from 17.27%to 11.03%(χ^(2)=4.718,P=0.029).Among high school students,the prevalence of rhinitis decreased from 8.49%to 3.55%(χ^(2)=6.204,P=0.013),the prevalence of dental caries decreased from 5.22%to 2.09%(χ^(2)=4.082,P=0.043),the overweight rate decreased from 8.19%to 3.72%(χ^(2)=4.341,P=0.037),and the underweight rate decreased from 7.43%to 0.00%(χ^(2)=18.543,P<0.001).The score of physical health test increased from 71.06±14.15 to 74.72±10.03 in junior high school students(t=3.417,P<0.001),and increased from 63.67±11.06 to 74.96±14.47 in the senior high school students(t=10.120,P<0.001).Conclusions The construction of health promotion schools

关 键 词：健康促进学校 健康素养 学生常见病 体质健康测试 

分 类 号：G479[文化科学—教育学]