4个群体偃松种子形态特征和营养成分变异分析  

Variation Analysis of Morphological Characteristics and Nutrient Composition of Seeds from 4 Populations of Pinus pumila

作　　者：于宏影 黄有龙 南方 王思瑶 孔远 呼荣梅 YU Hongying;HUANG Youlong;NAN Fang;WANG Siyao;KONG Yuan;HU Rongmei(Harbin Research Institute of Forestry Machinery,State Administration of Forestry and Grassland,Heilongjiang Harbin 150086;Linjiang Forestry Limited Company,Jilin Linjiang 134600;Jilin Qianshu Garden Design Limited Company,Jilin Changchun 130062;Jilin Shengmei Construction Engineering Limited Company,Jilin Changchun 130022)

机构地区：[1]国家林业和草原局哈尔滨林业机械研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [2]临江林业有限公司,吉林临江134600 [3]吉林省千树园林设计有限公司,吉林长春130062 [4]吉林省盛美建设工程有限公司,吉林长春130022

出　　处：《林业科技》2024年第3期12-16,共5页Forestry Science & Technology

基　　金：科技基础资源调查专项子课题“偃松种质资源调查收集(2019FY10082_01)”。

摘　　要：以4个群体偃松种子为研究材料,对种子形态数量指标及营养成分进行测定,并进行变异分析、多重比较、方差分析、相关性分析以及主成分分析等,并探讨偃松种子在不同群体间的差异。结果表明:偃松种子形态数量性状存在一定的变异,其中种仁重变异系数最高,达到17.53%;出仁率变异系数最低,为4.45%。偃松种仁的营养成分包括油脂、蛋白质、多糖、粗纤维等。其中油脂含量占比最高,为61.97%,变异系数较低,为3.05%;蛋白质占比20.01%,变异系数也较低,为4.99%;粗多糖变异系数最高,为14.50%。方差分析结果显示,偃松种子表型性状和营养成分含量在群体间的差异均达到极显著水平。多重比较结果表明,阿龙山地区偃松种长、种宽、百粒重、种仁重、种皮重、出仁率、蛋白质含量的数值都最大,数值分别为8.89 mm、7.11 mm、12.03 g、0.059 9 g、0.069 3 g、46.89%、21.11%,分别高出群体平均值11.13%、16.08%、21.64%、25.58%、21.79%、5.32%,分别高出群体最低值21.45%、27.19%、44.77%、50.13%、42.01%、11.25%、13.31%。阿木尔地区的偃松种子脂肪、粗多糖、粗纤维含量最高,数值分别为64.05%、1.31%、11.81%,分别高出群体平均值3.36%、21.30%、1.72%,分别高出群体最低值8.10%、42.39%、3.69%。相关分析表明:各形态数量性状之间互为显著或极显著正相关关系,各形态数量性状和蛋白质之间互为显著或极显著正相关关系,各形态数量性状和其他营养成分之间基本成显著或极显著负相关关系。在群体选择中可以联合选择出种长、种宽、百粒重、种仁重、出仁率、蛋白质兼优的群体。主成分分析结果表明:阿龙山群体的综合得分最高,最终选择阿龙山群体为优良群体。In this experiment,4 populations of Pinus pinus seeds were used as research materials,and the seed morphological and quantitative indexes and nutritional components were determined.Analysis of variance,multiple comparison,correlation analysis and principal component analysis were performed to analyze the differences among different populations of Pinus pumila seeds.The results showed that:There was some variation in seed morphological and quantitative traits,among which the coefficient of variation of seed kernel weight was the highest,reaching 17.53%.The coefficient of variation of benevolence rate was the lowest,4.45%.The main nutrients of pine seeds are composed of oil,protein,polysaccharide,crude fiber,etc.Among them,the oil content is the highest,accounting for 61.97%,and the coefficient of variation is low,3.05%.Protein accounted for 20.01%,and the coefficient of variation was also low(4.99%).The coefficient of variation of crude polysaccharide was the highest(14.50%).The results of variance analysis show that there were significant differences in morphological traits and nutrient content among populations.Multiple comparisons showed that the values of seed length,seed width,seed weight,seed kernel weight,seed tare weight,seed yield and protein content of Pinus pumila in Alongshan region were the highest,and the values were 8.89mm,7.11mm,12.03g,0.0599g,0.0693g,46.89% and 21.11%,respectively.They were11.13%,16.08%,21.64%,25.58%,21.79%,5.32% higher than the group average,and 21.45%,27.19%,44.77%,50.13%,42.01%,11.25%,13.31% higher than the group minimum.The contents of fat,crude polysaccharide and crude fiber of Thinopyrum pine seeds in Amur area were the highest,with values of64.05%,1.31% and 11.81%,respectively,which were 3.36%,21.30% and 1.72% higher than the average population value,and 8.10%,42.39% and 3.69% higher than the minimum population value,respectively.Correlation analysis showed that there were significant or extremely significant positive correlations among morphological quantitative traits,sig

关 键 词：偃松 种子 群体 形态特征 营养成分 

分 类 号：S791.24[农业科学—林木遗传育种]