什么样的商业生态系统在重度负面冲击中更具整体韧性——基于复杂系统层次嵌套理论视角的双案例研究  

What Kind of Business Ecosystem Is More Resilient in Response to Severe Negative Shocks?A Pair-case Study from the Perspective of Hierarchically Nested Complex Systems

作　　者：李鸿磊 王凤彬[2] 张敬伟[3] Li Honglei;Wang Fengbin;Zhang Jingwei(School of Economics and Management,Beijing Information Science and Technology University;School of Business,Renmin University of China;Center for Management Philosophy and Organizational Ecosystem,Renmin University of China;School of Economics and Management,Yanshan University)

机构地区：[1]北京信息科技大学经济管理学院 [2]中国人民大学商学院 [3]燕山大学经济管理学院

出　　处：《南开管理评论》2024年第2期16-27,I0004,I0005,共14页Nankai Business Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(20BGL094);国家自然科学基金项目(72172154);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2022M723474)资助。

摘　　要：在重度负面冲击中,商业生态系统的整体韧性表现出何种差异?这与系统结构设计有何关系?本研究基于复杂系统层次嵌套理论视角,将特定商业生态系统集群内、同一生态位上的集群以及跨生态位集群的组件联结结构与系统整体韧性联系起来,分析提炼这三个纵向嵌套层次的联结结构特征与生态系统整体韧性的因果关系。借助图论工具进行双案例对比研究发现,集群内组件间相互依赖性越低、中心化程度越高,同一生态位上异构性集群分布越广,跨生态位集群间集成化程度越高,该生态系统的整体韧性就越强;且这三个层次的联结结构存在整体关联性,通过嵌套关系共同作用于生态系统的整体韧性水平。生态系统架构者应基于纵向嵌套层次设计不同形态的联结结构,以使商业生态系统在重度负面冲击中具有更强的整体韧性。What differences appear in the levels of resilience of business ecosystems in response to severe negative shocks,and in which way do their structural designs affect the resilience?Based on the theoretical perspective of the hierarchical nesting of complex systems,this article links the alignment structures of the components in business ecosystems with ecosystem resilience,including the alignment structures of the components within a cluster,between clusters within the same niche,and between clusters across niches.Based on the vertical hierarchical nesting relationship of the above three levels,this paper analyzes and extracts the causal relationships between the characteristics of the alignment structures of components and the resilience of the ecosystem.Employing graph theory,the results of the pair-case study show that:①the lower the interdependence and the higher the degree of centralization between components in a cluster,the stronger the resilience of the ecosystem;②the wider the distribution of heterogeneous clusters in the same niche,the stronger the resilience of the ecosystem;③the greater the degree of cluster integration in different niches,the stronger the resilience of the ecosystem;and④the alignment structures of components at the three levels are related as a whole,nested hierarchically to affect the resilience of the whole ecosystem.Ecosystem architects should design different forms of alignment structures among components at different levels based on the nesting relationship,so that business ecosystems can be more resilient in response to severe negative shocks.

关 键 词：生态系统 功能组件 组件集群 联结结构 系统韧性 

分 类 号：F274[经济管理—企业管理]