电机轴承油膜击穿电压阈值的计算及测试  

Calculation and Test of Breakdown Voltage Threshold for Oil Film of Motor Bearings

作　　者：闻俊夫 钟祥鸣 王雷 陈立珂 刘瑞芳[2] WEN Junfu;ZHONG Xiangming;WANG Lei;CHEN Like;LIU Ruifang(CRCC Dalian Institute Co.,Ltd.,Dalian 116021,China;School of Electrical Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]中车大连机车研究所有限公司,辽宁大连116021 [2]北京交通大学电气工程学院,北京100044

出　　处：《轴承》2024年第6期9-15,共7页Bearing

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2022YJS158);北京自然科学基金资助项目(3222055)。

摘　　要：变频器的广泛应用使变频供电引起的电机轴承电蚀问题日益凸显,为提出合理的抑制方案,需要界定轴承油膜击穿电压阈值。通过理论分析获得轴承最小油膜厚度,在此基础上建立油膜击穿微区的仿真模型,计算不同载荷、转速、温度下击穿电压阈值的变化,结果表明:低速、高温、大载荷工况下的击穿电压阈值会降低,更容易产生放电击穿电流;研究了轴承表面粗糙度对轴承油膜击穿电压阈值的影响,发现轴承表面粗糙度较大时,轴承油膜更易被击穿;搭建轴电压测试平台测试击穿电压阈值随温度和转速的变化,规律与仿真分析一致。With the widespread application of frequency converters,the problem of electric erosion of motor bearings caused by variable frequency power supply becomes more and more prominent.To propose a reasonable suppression scheme,it is necessary to define the breakdown voltage threshold for oil film of the bearings.The minimum oil film thickness of the bearings is obtained by theoretical analysis.Based on this,a simulation model of oil film breakdown micro-zone is established,and the changes in breakdown voltage threshold are calculated under different loads,rotational speeds and temperatures.The results show that the operating conditions of low speed,high temperature and heavy load will lower the breakdown voltage threshold and make it easier to generate discharge breakdown current;the influence of surface roughness of the bearings on breakdown voltage threshold for oil film of the bearings is studied,and it is found that larger surface roughness of the bearings makes the oil film more prone to breakdown;a test platform of shaft voltage is built to test the variation of breakdown voltage threshold with temperature and rotational speed,and the law is consistent with simulation analysis.

关 键 词：滚动轴承 深沟球轴承 击穿电压 最小油膜厚度 表面粗糙度 

分 类 号：TH133.331[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]