适配体生物传感器检测细菌毒素的研究进展  

Research progress on aptamer biosensors for detection of bacterial toxin

作　　者：崔丽伟[1] 常惟丹 陈威风 邹建[1] 姬向波 CUI Liwei;CHANG Weidan;CHEN Weifeng;ZOU Jian;JI Xiangbo(School of Food and Biological Engineering,Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy,Zhengzhou 450046;Henan Key Laboratory of Unconventional Feed Resources Innovative Utilization,Zhengzhou 450046)

机构地区：[1]河南牧业经济学院食品与生物工程学院,郑州450046 [2]河南省非常规饲料资源创新利用重点实验室,郑州450046

出　　处：《中国食品添加剂》2024年第5期324-332,共9页China Food Additives

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(232102320281,232102320285);河南省高等学校重点科研项目计划(23A550021)。

摘　　要：细菌毒素是细菌产生的次生代谢产物,是人类健康的主要威胁之一。食品中细菌毒素的污染已成为人们迫切关注的主要食品安全问题之一。因此,开发出简便、快速、灵敏检测食品中细菌毒素的方法具有重要意义。核酸适体是体外筛选的单链寡核苷酸序列,能特异性识别靶标。具有易合成、易标记、易修饰、高灵敏度、高特异性和低分子量等优点,被广泛用于生物传感器中。本文简要介绍了细菌毒素的分类及危害,重点综述了基于光学和电化学技术的适配体生物传感器在细菌毒素检测和定量方面的最新进展及应用,以期为细菌毒素的检测提供研究基础。Bacterial toxins are secondary metabolites produced by bacteria and are one of the major threats to human health.The contamination of bacterial toxins in food has become one of the main food safety problems that people pay urgent attention to.Therefore,it is of great significance to develop a simple,rapid and sensitive method for detecting bacterial toxins in food.Nucleic acid aptamers are single strand oligonucleotide sequences screened in vitro,which can specifically identify the targets.It has the advantages of easy synthesis,easy labeling,easy modification,high sensitivity,high specificity and low molecular weight,etc.,and is widely used in biosensors.This paper briefly introduced the classification and harm of bacterial toxins,and focused on the latest progress and applications of aptamer biosensors based on optical and electrochemical technologies in the detection and quantification of bacterial toxins,in order to provide research basis for the detection of bacterial toxins.

关 键 词：适配体 生物传感器 细菌毒素 检测 进展 

分 类 号：TS201.6[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]