地铁运营中断下应急接驳公交调度方案研究  

Study on Emergency Bus Dispatching Scheme for Subway Service Interruption

作　　者：谢贤亮 查伟雄[1] 王宇晴 严利鑫 Xie Xianliang;Zha Weixiong;WangYuqing;Yan Lixin(School of Transportation Engineering,East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]华东交通大学交通运输工程学院,江西南昌330013

出　　处：《华东交通大学学报》2024年第2期72-78,共7页Journal of East China Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51805169)。

摘　　要：【目的】针对传统应急调度模式单一、疏运效率低的特征,研究了多种调度模式组合应急公交调度方法。【方法】考虑应急停车场派车能力、车辆运力、车辆救援时间特性,构建以应急公交车辆疏运成本最小和乘客平均延误最小为目标的多目标组合调度优化模型。根据该模型的特点提出使用快速非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)求解,为提高种群的多样性和算法的性能对该算法进行了相应的改进,最终得到Pareto分布优化解集,并采用隶属函数从中选取出最优折衷解。最后,以南昌轨道交通1号线作为算例,对应急公交组合调度方案和单一调度方案分别进行求解。【结果】结果表明:文章提出的组合调度方案相比传统单一调度方案的乘客平均延误时间降低了20.48%,疏运成本降低了16.96%,改进后的NSGA-Ⅱ算法相比较标准的NSGA-Ⅱ算法进行求解时,乘客平均延误时间降低了6.72%,疏运成本降低了3.59%。【结论】通过灵敏度分析发现:在确定滞留乘客疏运需求的情况下,滞留乘客的平均延误时间和车队规模呈负相关,应急公交的疏运成本和车队规模成正相关。【Purpose】In order to optimize the emergency response and address the inefficiencies observed in traditional dispatch models,this study tries to develop a scheduling method,which considers a range of emergency dispatch modes.【Method】Considering the characteristics of emergency parking lot dispatching capacity,vehicle transportation capacity,and vehicle rescue time,a multi-objective combination scheduling optimization model is constructed with the goal of minimizing the evacuation cost of emergency public transportation vehicles and minimizing the average passenger delay.Based on the characteristics of the model,a fast non dominated sorting genetic algorithm(NSGA-Ⅱ)was proposed to solve the problem.In order to improve the diversity of the population and the performance of the algorithm,corresponding improvements were made to the algorithm.The Pareto distribution optimization solution set was obtained,and the optimal compromise solution was selected from it using a membership function.Finally,the Nanchang Rail Transit Line 1 was used as an example to separately evaluate the emergency bus combination dispatch plan and the single scheduling scheme are solved separately.【Result】Results show that the proposed combination dispatch plan reduced passenger delay time by 20.48%and transportation costs by 16.96%compared to traditional single dispatch plans.Additionally,the improved NSGA-Ⅱalgorithm further reduced passenger delay time and transportation costs by 6.72%and 3.59%,respectively.【Conclusion】Sensitivity analysis shows that,with clear demands of stranded passengers,fleet size negatively correlated with the average delay time of stranded passengers and positively correlated with emergency bus transportation costs.

关 键 词：城市轨道交通 应急公交 组合调度 多目标 改进NSGA-Ⅱ算法 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]