孤独症谱系障碍儿童感知觉异常研究进展  

Research progress of sensory and perceptual abnormalities in children with autism spectrum disorder

作　　者：唐昊宇 代英[1] TANG Haoyu;DAI Ying(Department of Child Healthcare,Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorder,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment and Cognitive,Chongqing 400010,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属儿童医院儿童保健科,国家儿童健康与疾病临床医学研究中心,儿童发育疾病研究教育部重点实验室,儿童神经发育与认知障碍重庆市重点实验室,重庆400010

出　　处：《中国神经精神疾病杂志》2024年第3期168-172,共5页Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(编号:2023YFC3604805)。

摘　　要：感知觉异常是孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)患儿症状之一,对患儿的社交、学习和整体功能产生深远的影响。ASD感知觉异常的临床特征包括感觉高敏感性和感觉低敏感性,涉及的感知觉有听知觉、视知觉、嗅知觉、味知觉、触知觉、前庭功能。ASD感知觉的发生机制可能与执行功能缺陷、基因组学异常、兴奋抑制平衡失调及唤醒学说有关。本文为临床早期识别ASD患儿感知觉异常提供依据,以促进ASD患儿感知觉功能改善和生活质量提升。Sensory and perceptual abnormalities are one of the symptoms of children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD), which have a profound impact on children's social interaction, learning and overall function. The clinical features of sensory abnormalities in ASD include sensory hypersensitivity and hyposensitivity, involving sensory systems such as hearing perception, visual perception, olfactory perception, taste perception, touch perception, and vestibular function. The mechanism of sensory abnormalities in ASD is discussed from the aspects of executive function, genomics,excitation-inhibition disequilibrium, and arousal theory. In order to promote the improvement of sensory perception function and quality of life in children with ASD, this article provides a basis for early clinical identification of sensory perception abnormalities in children with ASD.

关 键 词：孤独症谱系障碍 感知觉异常 重复刻板行为 感觉高敏感性 感觉低敏感性 执行功能 兴奋/抑制平衡 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]