李渔诗集倡始之心与半世操觚的矛盾性钩沉  

An Exploration of the Contradiction Between Li Yu’s Poetry Collection’s Original Intention and His Half Life’s Writing Practice

作　　者：张英 ZHANG Ying(Department of Literature,Soochow University,Suzhou 215000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学文法学院,河南焦作454000

出　　处：《河南科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第3期29-34,共6页Journal of Henan University of Science & Technology(Social science)

摘　　要：明末清初,龆龄即以诗擅名的李渔,生平作诗千余篇,别具手眼有足采而名海内。笠翁提出,诗歌的意境应为“考诸诗词、罕听罕睹为上的‘意取尖新’”,诗作的字句理当“言无稍故、所言事无不新的‘不攘他人一字’”,诗篇的内容需是“圣贤不无过、至愚亦有慧的‘忌填塞’”。但在其写作实践中是“套腐后出、假前人之斧斤的‘剿窠袭臼’”与“载旧本之既言、借前人之只字的‘依附古人成说’”,以及“多引古事,迭用人名”。李渔“不屑摹拟”的“倡始之心”,与其“肖于古今”的“半世操觚”存在明显的矛盾性。(宗唐的文学思潮与相同的战乱背景或为促使李渔对唐朝诗歌进行效仿的外部原因,学识气力有限以及诗集仅是一家之言或为导致矛盾形成的内部成因。)At the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty,Li Yu,who was famous for his poems,wrote more than 1000 poems in his life,which was praised by his time and later generations.Li Yu put forward that the artistic conception of poetry should be“taking the sharp and new meaning”based on the study of poems and words,which is rare to hear and to see.The words and sentences in his poems should be“not to imitate others’words”,which are not old at all,but completely new in his books.The content of his poems should be“avoid packing”,for sages are not without faults,and people who are stupid may have their wisdom.However,in his writing practice,he imitated the predecessor’s“eliminate the nest and attack the mortar”,and had the same words and sentences in previous book’s“depending on the ancients theory”,and“citing ancient things and names repeatedly”.There is an obvious contradiction between Li Yu’s initial idea of“disdaining to imitate”and“his half life’s writing practice”of“Imitate the Past and the Present”.Therefore,by exploring the contradictions,this paper explores the external causes of the ideological trend of the Tang Dynasty and Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynastysocial’s environment,and the internal causes of“a person’s words,say what I want”.

关 键 词：李渔 诗集 诗歌创新 摹拟 

分 类 号：I222.7[文学—中国文学]