大同煤田矿区微震记录特征与识别方法研究  

Characteristics and Identification of Microseismic Records in Datong Coalfield

作　　者：赵晓云[1,2] 李斌[3] ZHAO Xiaoyun;LI Bin(Shanxi Earthquake Agency,Taiyuan 030021,China;Taiyuan National Field Scientific Observatory of Continental Rift Dynamics,Taiyuan 030025,China;College of Mining Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省地震局,太原030021 [2]太原大陆裂谷动力学国家野外科学观测研究站,太原030025 [3]太原理工大学矿业工程学院,太原030024

出　　处：《山西煤炭》2024年第2期73-83,共11页Shanxi Coal

基　　金：山西省基础研究计划面上项目(202303021211037);山西省重点研发计划项目(202202020101009);中国地震局地质研究所国家野外科学观测研究站研究课题(NORSTY2023-01);国家自然科学基金资助项目(NSF41974111)。

摘　　要：为了更好地了解大同煤田矿震的特点,以山西矿震监测研究中心在山西北部设立的矿震监测研究试验区,以及山西地震监测台网在大同煤田及周边区域持续开展的近3年(2021年1月至2023年9月)的非天然地震监测所获取的数据为基础,进行大同煤田矿震记录特征与识别方法研究。结果表明:大同煤田及周边区域矿震活动发生较频繁,活动特征以M_(L)<2.0的微震或小震为主,最大矿震震级为M_(L)=2.8级;具有空间上集中分布的特征,主要集中在煤矿开采区域,特别是深部矿井附近;相比于天然地震和其他非天然地震事件,矿震震相中往往含有较多高频部分,其优势频率一般在10 Hz以上,但易受震源与传播路径(距离和介质)衰减影响;波形记录形态上往往表现为波形的快速上升和迅速衰减,波形持续时间较短;初动向上和向下都有,当记录台站较多时有四象限分布特征。To better understand the characteristics of mine earthquakes in Datong Coalfield,we studied the recording data and identification methods of mine earthquakes based on the data of Shanxi Mine Earthquake Monitoring and Research Center,including the non-natural earthquake monitoring carried out by the mine earthquake monitoring research experimental area in northern Shanxi and the Shanxi Earthquake Monitoring Network in Datong Coalfield and surrounding areas for nearly three years(January 2021 to September 2023).The results show that mine earthquakes occur frequently in Datong Coalfield and surrounding areas and are characterized by micro-seismic or small earthquakes with M_(L)<2.0,with the maximum mine earthquake with M_(L)=2.8.These seismic events exhibit a spatially concentrated distribution,primarily occurring in the vicinity of coal mining operations,especially in the proximity of deep mines.Compared with natural earthquakes and other non-natural seismic events,the phase of mine earthquakes tends to contain more high-frequency parts,with dominant frequencies generally exceeding 10 Hz.However,they are susceptible to attenuation due to source features and propagation pathways(distance and medium).The waveform recording often shows rapid rise and rapid decay,with a short waveform duration.Initial motions are both upward and downward,with a four-quadrant distribution when recorded by multiple seismic stations.

关 键 词：大同煤田 矿山地震 非天然地震 波形特征 震相识别 

分 类 号：TD325[矿业工程—矿井建设]