中高档私家车室内典型VOCs的污染特征与预测因素  

Pollution Characteristics and Predictive Factors of Typical VOCs in Mid-to-High-End Private Cars

作　　者：汪杰 燕志奇 王慧 张立军 韦学军 谭银湘 王甫华 高伟 谭国斌 WANG Jie;YAN Zhiqi;WANG Hui

机构地区：[1]广州禾信仪器股份有限公司,广州510535 [2]广物汽贸股份有限公司,广州510000 [3]上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司,广西柳州545007 [4]暨南大学质谱仪器与大气环境研究所/广东省大气污染在线源解析系统工程技术研究中心,广州510632

出　　处：《科技创新与应用》2024年第16期33-38,共6页Technology Innovation and Application

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B1111360002);羊城创新创业领军人才支持计划项目(领军人才2020012)。

摘　　要：为了解私家车室内空气中挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)的污染概况、污染来源和预测因素,采集分析73辆中高档私家车室内空气中的14种典型VOCs。结果表明,甲基环戊烷、正癸烷、十一烷、二甲苯/乙苯和三甲苯100%检出。车内VOCs总浓度中值为672μg/m^(3),范围为109~2659μg/m^(3)。甲基环戊烷的浓度最高(浓度范围6.48~963μg/m^(3)),其次是壬烷(浓度范围小于LOQ~705μg/m^(3))、正癸烷(浓度范围8.43~581μg/m^(3))和甲基环己烷(浓度范围小于LOQ~513μg/m^(3))。大部分单个VOCs化合物之间都存在显著的正相关性(相关系数范围0.25~0.95),表明这些化合物可能存在着相同或者相似的来源。通过主成分分析,发现4个主成分解释数据中84%以上的化学浓度的方差。进一步通过多元线性回归模型分析预测因素与主成分分数之间的关系,结果表明车辆品牌、车型、排量、总里程和车龄等变量可被确定为中高端私家车室内空气中对应VOCs的预测因素。In order to understand the profiles,sources of pollution and predictors of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in the cabin air of private cars,indoor air of 73 middle-and high-endprivate cars were analyzed for fourteen typical VOCs.Results showed that methylcyclopentane,n-decane,undecane,xylene/ethylbenzene and trimethylbenzene were detected in all samples.The total concentrations of VOCs in cabin air ranged from 109 to 2659μg/m^(3) with a median of 672μg/m^(3).Methylcyclopentane had the highest concentrations(6.48~963μg/m^(3)),followed by nonane(<LOQ~705μg/m^(3)),n-decane(8.43~581μg/m^(3))and methylcyclohexane(<LOQ~513μg/m^(3)).Significant positive correlations were found between almost all individual VOCs compounds with correlation coefficients ranged from 0.25 to 0.95,indicating same or similar sources for these compounds.Principal component analysis revealed that four pricipal components explained more than 84%of the total variance of chemical concentration in the data,and a single principal component explained most of the variance in the concentrations of the chemicals within a same group.Furthermore,multivariable linear regression model was used to analyze the correlation between predictors and principal component scores.The results showed that vehicle brand,vehicle type,exhaust volume,total mileage and the age of vehicle were identified as predictors of the level of corresponding VOCs in the cabin air of middle and high grades private cars.

关 键 词：私家车 室内空气 挥发性有机物 污染特征 预测因素 

分 类 号：X132[环境科学与工程—环境科学]