灌溉方式与磷素对紫花苜蓿生产性能和营养品质的影响  

Effect of Irrigation Methods and Phosphorus on the Production Performance and Nutritional Quality of Alfalfa

作　　者：叶雨浓 余淑艳 王星[1] 宋文学 王晶[1] 胡鹏飞[1] 王通锐 高雪芹[1] 伏兵哲[1,2,3] YE Yu-nong;YU Shu-yan;WANG Xing;SONG Wen-xue;WANG Jing;HU Peng-fei;WANG Tong-rui;GAO Xue-qin;FU Bing-zhe(College of Forestry and Prataculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021,China;Ningxia Grass and Animal Husbandry Engineering Research Center,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021,China;Key Innovation Laboratory of Efficient Forage Production Mode,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学林业与草业学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏草牧业工程技术研究中心,宁夏银川750021 [3]农业农村部饲草高效生产模式创新重点实验室,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《草地学报》2024年第5期1592-1600,共9页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：宁夏自然基金(2022AAC03058);国家自然基金(32260349)资助。

摘　　要：为探究灌溉方式与磷素的互作模式对紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)生产性能及营养品质的影响,本研究采用双因素裂区设计,设置漫灌(F)、喷灌(S)、地下10 cm滴灌(D10)、地下20 cm滴灌(D20)和地下30 cm滴灌(D30)5种灌溉方式和0 kg·hm^(-2)(P0),60 kg·hm^(-2)(P1),120 kg·hm^(-2)(P2)和180 kg·hm^(-2)(P3)4个施磷(P 2O 5)梯度。研究水磷耦合条件下苜蓿生产性能、饲草品质和水磷利用效率。结果表明:3种地下滴灌处理的土壤含水量、生产指标、营养指标、水分利用效率和磷肥偏生产力均显著高于漫灌和喷灌处理;灌溉方式和施磷水平对苜蓿株高、分枝数、干草产量、粗蛋白含量、酸性洗涤纤维和相对饲喂价值均有显著影响。通过主成分分析得出,在地下30 cm滴灌方式下,施P 2O 5120 kg·hm^(-2)时的水磷组合模式最好,产量和营养品质综合排名第一,在生产上应用可得到优质牧草。The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of different interaction modes of irrigation methods and phosphorus fertilization on the production performance and nutritional quality of alfalfa(Medicago sativa).Five irrigation methods,including flood irrigation(F),sprinkler irrigation(S),10 cm subsurface drip(D10),20 cm subsurface drip(D20)and 30 cm subsurface drip(D30),and four phosphorus application(P 2O 5)gradients of 0 kg·hm^(-2)(P0),60 kg·hm^(-2)(P1),120 kg·hm^(-2)(P2)and 180 kg·hm^(-2)(P3)were set up by two-factor split plot design.The production performance,fodder quality and water and phosphorus use efficiency of alfalfa under water and phosphorus coupling were investigated.The results showed that the soil water content,production index,nutrient index,water use efficiency and phosphorus fertilizer partial productivity were significantly higher in the three drip treatments than in flood and sprinkler treatments.Irrigation methods and phosphorus fertilization levels had significant effects on alfalfa plant height,branch number,hay yield,crude protein content,acid detergent fiber and relative feed value.Principal component analysis showed that the combination of water and phosphorus was the best when P 2O 5120 kg·hm^(-2) was applied under drip irrigation at 30 cm depth,and the nutritional quality ranked first.

关 键 词：紫花苜蓿 灌溉方式 磷素 生产性能 营养品质 

分 类 号：S963.223.3[农业科学—水产养殖]