河北省某钼尾矿土壤化改良及种植实验研究  

Soilization Improvement and Cultivation Experiment of Molybdenum Tailings in Hebei Province

作　　者：孟凡伟 涂全平 向艾华 刘琨[2] 石晴[2] MENG Fanwei;TU Quanping;XIANG Aihua;LIU Kun;SHI Qing(Hebei mining resources co.,LTD.,Shijiazhuang 050081,Hebei,China;School of Resource Processing and Bioengineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]河北矿业资源有限责任公司,河北石家庄050011 [2]中南大学资源加工与生物工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《矿产保护与利用》2024年第2期106-114,共9页Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52174268)。

摘　　要：以河北省某钼尾矿为研究对象,采用低成本添加剂与机械混合方法对钼尾矿进行土壤化改良。针对钼尾矿的保水性、酸碱性及阳离子交换能力,开展了单因素改良实验及复合改良实验。结果表明,利用农家肥、蒙脱土、聚丙烯酰胺及柠檬酸复合改良剂对钼尾矿进行改良,钼尾矿的饱和吸水率提高至61.1%,水分挥发速率和渗滤速率明显降低;阳离子交换能力达到了10.15 cmol/kg,pH值降低至8.08,达到了适宜种植的水平。此外,通过盆栽实验验证了复合改良后钼尾矿的植物生长效应,与原始钼尾矿相比,复合改良后钼尾矿中的小白菜生长状态良好,植株的高度和质量分别提高了77.4%和98.1%。经过15 d的小白菜种植后,改良钼尾矿的保水性、pH值及阳离子交换能力达到了正常土壤的水平,实现了钼尾矿向可种植土壤的转化。The molybdenum tailings in Hebei Province had been improved through simple mechanical mixing with low−cost additives,facilitating their utilization for soilization.Through single−factor and composite−amended tests,the water retention rate,pH value,and cation exchange capacity(CEC)of molybdenum tailings were significantly enhanced.Results indicated the application of a composite amendment agent,consisting of farmyard manure,montmorillonite,polyacrylamide(PAM),and citric acid,to the molybdenum tailings has significantly enhanced their properties.The saturated water absorption rate of the molybdenum tailings increased to 61.1%,and both the evaporation rate and decline rate of the moisture was significantly reduced.The cation exchange capacity(CEC)reached 10.15 cmol/kg,and the pH value was lowered to 8.08,achieving a level suitable for agricultural cultivation.Additionally,a pot experiment was conducted to assess the growth effect of improved molybdenum tailings on plants.Compared to the initial molybdenum tailings,the height and quality of plant growth in composite−amended molybdenum tailings increased by 77.4%and 98.1%,respectively.Furthermore,after 15 days of plant growth,the water retention,pH value,and CEC of the composite−amended molybdenum tailings reached levels comparable to those of normal soil,confirming the successful transformation of molybdenum tailings into plantable soil.

关 键 词：钼尾矿 复合改良剂 保水性 PH值 阳离子交换能力 植物生长效应 

分 类 号：TD926.4[矿业工程—选矿]