渐进主义视角下我国融合教育政策的演进与展望  

Evolution and Prospects of China’s Inclusive Education Policy from the Perspective of Gradualism

作　　者：牛雪梅 NIU Xuemei(School of Education Science,Leshan Normal University,Leshan Sichuan 614000,China;School of Political Science and Public Administration,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]乐山师范学院教育科学学院,四川乐山614000 [2]武汉大学政治与公共管理学院,武汉430072

出　　处：《北京联合大学学报》2024年第3期76-83,共8页Journal of Beijing Union University

基　　金：乐山师范学院科技资助项目“杨贤江全集续编”(DGZZ202021)。

摘　　要：自我国开始探索实施本土化融合教育以来,政府颁布的一系列融合教育政策为融合教育的可持续发展提供了必要支持和保障。融合教育政策的完善及其实践效果直接影响我国教育现代化战略的实施,探究融合教育政策的演进及其逻辑对融合教育发展具有重要意义和价值。分析发现,我国融合教育政策经历了萌芽起步、全面发展和深化完善3个阶段,其演进遵循渐进调适的特征,政策理念从保障教育权益转向关注教育质量;政策系统在继承中从行政主导统筹走向政府引导协同;政策过程在发展中从问题导向设计转向效果驱动循环。我国融合教育政策的发展应着眼于保持政策理念的连续,在稳中求变中完善政策系统,循序渐进地优化政策过程,从而推动融合教育的纵深发展。Since China began exploring the implementation of localized inclusive education,the government has issued a series of inclusive education policies,providing necessary support and guarantee for the sustainable development of inclusive education.The improvement and practical effectiveness of inclusive education policies directly affect the realization of China’s education modernization strategy.Exploring the evolution and logic of inclusive education policies is of great significance and value for the development of inclusive education.Analyses show that China’s inclusive education policy has gone through three stages:embryonic initiation,comprehensive development,and deepening improvement.Its evolution follows the characteristics of gradual adjustment.The policy concept has shifted from safeguarding educational rights to focusing on educational quality in stability,the policy system has shifted from administrative leadership to government guidance and coordination in inheritance,and the policy process has shifted from problem-oriented design to effect-driven cycle in development.The development of China’s inclusive education policy should focus on maintaining the continuity of policy concepts,improving the policy system while seeking stability and change,and gradually optimizing the policy process to promote the in-depth development of inclusive education.

关 键 词：渐进主义 融合教育政策 政策演进 政策展望 

分 类 号：G769.2[文化科学—特殊教育学]