厚松散层下高强度综放开采地表沉陷规律研究  

Research on Surface Subsidence Law of High Strength Fully Mechanized Caving under Thick Alluvium

作　　者：贺丹 段中会 姬永涛 王鑫 付德亮 高翔 张丽维 刘峰 HE Dan;DUAN Zhonghui;JI Yongtao;WANG Xin;FU Deliang;GAO Xiang;ZHANG Liwei;LIU Feng(Key Laboratory of Coal Resources Exploration and Comprehensive Utilization,Ministry of Natural and Resources,Xi'an 710026,China;Shaanxi Coal Geology Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710026,China;Shaanxi Tiandi Geology Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710054,China;Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an 710054,China;Shaanxi 185 Coalfield Geology Co.,Ltd.,Yulin 719053,China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部煤炭资源勘查与综合利用重点实验室,西安710026 [2]陕西省煤田地质集团有限公司,西安710026 [3]陕西天地地质有限责任公司,西安710054 [4]西安科技大学,西安710054 [5]陕西省一八五煤田地质有限公司,陕西榆林719053

出　　处：《煤炭技术》2024年第6期24-27,共4页Coal Technology

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目(2023-YBSF-544);自然资源部煤炭资源勘查与综合利用重点实验室课题(SMDZ-2022ZD-1)。

摘　　要：在陕北地区浅埋厚煤层、厚松散层地质条件下,以某大型煤矿大采高综采工作面采动地表沉降监测数据为基础,选取沿工作面走向、倾向两条观测线为研究对象,分析研究各观测点全周期下沉变化及对应时空关系,采用数理统计、公式计算、数据拟合等方法确定地表移动动态变化相关参数,探讨采动工作面的地表沉降特征和变化规律。结果显示:工作面采动初期上覆岩层的运动范围已波及到地表,随着工作面不断推进,其地面影响范围一直在超前;当工作面回采完成时,下沉量迅速衰减,逐步趋于稳定。走向线最大下沉值3 715 mm,倾向线最大下沉值3 327 mm,工作面推进在400~600 m,下沉速度超过200 mm/d,最大可达268 mm/d。地表沉降系数0.58,起动距102.6 m,超前影响角54.9°,最大下沉速度滞后角71.8°。地表移动持续时间282 d,起动阶段时间短,仅为18 d,活跃阶段移动速度大、变形剧烈,衰退阶段持续时间较长达199 d,反映了浅埋厚松散层综放高强度开采条件下,地表移动发展快、稳定也快的特征。Under the geological conditions of shallow buried thick coal seam and thick alluvium in northern Shaanxi,based on the monitoring data of mining surface subsidence of fully mechanized mining face with large mining height in a large coal mine,two observation lines along the working face,strike and dip,were selected as the research object,the variation of the whole period subsidence and the corresponding spatio-temporal relationship of the observation points were analyzed and studied,used mathematical statistics,formula calculation,data fitting and other methods to determine the relevant parameters of the dynamic change of surface movement,the characteristics and variation rules of surface subsidence of mining working face were discussed.The results show that:in the early stage of mining,the movement range of overlying strata has spread to the surface.With the continuous advance of working face,the range of surface influence has been advanced;when the working face was completed,the subsidence decreases rapidly and gradually becomes stable.The maximum sinking value of strike line was 3715 mm,the maximum sinking value of dip line was 3327 mm,the working face advanceed between 400 m and 600 m,the subsidence speed exceeded 200 mm/d,and the maximum subsidence speed reached 268 mm/d.The surface settlement coefficient was 0.58,the starting distance was 102.6 m,the leading influence angle was 54.9°,the maximum subsidence velocity lag angle was 71.8°.The surface movement lasted 282 days,the start-up period was as short as 18 days,the movement speed was large and the deformation was severe in the active phase,the recession phase lasted 199 days longer,it reflects that under the high intensity mining condition of fully-mechanized caving with shallow buried thick alluvium,the surface movement developed quickly and stabilized quickly.

关 键 词：浅埋厚煤层 厚松散层 高强度综放开采 地表沉降 动态参数 

分 类 号：TD325[矿业工程—矿井建设]