清人词论中的雅俗之辨诠论  

The Distinction between Elegance and Vulgarity in Qing Dynasty Ci Poetry Critism

作　　者：彭志 PENG Zhi(Research Institute of Chinese Culture,Chinese National Academy of Arts,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]中国艺术研究院中国文化研究所,北京100012

出　　处：《哈尔滨工业大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第3期86-93,共8页Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金艺术学青年项目“中国历代地方志版刻插图整理与研究”(21CF188)。

摘　　要：词之雅俗是词学长久以来热衷论争的重要话题。清人处于千年古代词史的收束期,对词之雅俗进行了持续性探讨。清初,论词者尝试矫正明中后期以来的近俗风气,并借助于辨析关涉雅俗的各类范畴,推动了崇雅之风的崛起与近俗习气的日益式微。清中叶,接续前贤对词之雅俗的阐述,论词者分从语言运用、音律表现、体制特征、情感呈现等方面考量雅正在词体中发挥的作用,促使去俗崇雅成为衡量词体的重要标准。清末,围绕词之雅正展开了更具广度、深度的探讨,其中尤以陈廷焯的系列论述最为深刻全面。经过清朝两百多年的努力,最终实现了论词以雅正为宗尚的目标,是为古代词学批评史中关涉雅俗问题的句点。The distinction between elegance and vulgarity in Ci poetry was an important and enduring topic of debate in the field of literary critism.As Qing dynasty marked the end of a millennium-long history of Ci poetry,scholars engaged in continuous discussions on the elegance and vulgarity of Ci.In the early Qing period,critics attempted to rectify the prevailing vernacular trends that emerged during the late Ming dynasty.They employed various categories to discern the distinction between elegance and vulgarity,fostering the rise of a refined aesthetic while diminishing the influence of vernacular customs.In the mid-Qing dynasty,scholars further expounded on the elegance and vulgarity of Ci poetry by examing aspects such as linguistic usage,melodic expression,structural features,and emotional presentation.They emphasized the importance of eliminating vulgarity and upheld elegance as a crucial criterion for evaluating the quality of Ci poetry.By the late Qing period,a more comprehensive and extensive exploration of elegant in Ci poetry took place.Among the scholars,Chen Tingzhuo's series of discussionson the topic were particularly profound and comprehensive.After more than two centuries of effort during the Qing dynasty,the goal of prioritizing elegance in Ci poetry criticism was ultimately achieved,marking a significant conclusion in the history of ancient Ci poetry criticism regarding the distinction between elegance and vulgarity.

关 键 词：清代 词论 雅俗之辨 去俗崇雅 

分 类 号：I207.23[文学—中国文学]