一审程序违法发回重审适用的悖反与修正  

Contradiction and Rectification in the Application of Remanding a Case for First Instance Procedural Violations

作　　者：白冰 BAI Bing(Law School,China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学法学院,北京100088

出　　处：《北京联合大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2024年第3期57-64,共8页Journal of Beijing Union University(Humanities and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“刑事过程证据的功能定位及实现机制研究”(项目编号:22CFX070)。

摘　　要：一审程序违法发回重审的规定在1979年《刑事诉讼法》中即得以基本确立,历经40余年保持相对稳定。在《刑事诉讼法》第四次修改的背景下,应当对此类规定进行全面和深入的研究。该规定的核心价值在于,作为一种程序性制裁方式,对一审程序违法施加以否定的评价,赋予其程序性法律后果,同时也是事后审查制上诉审构造的体现。在实践中,该规定的适用存在普遍性的虚置、选择性的滥用、适用上的神秘三大悖反现象。在该规定的适用修正上,应当重申该规定维护程序公正基本结构、捍卫被追诉人基本权利的基本理念,通过典型案例不断阐发该规定的核心内涵,并通过程序说理约束裁判权的恣意。The regulation that a first-instance procedure violation warrants a remanding of the case was essentially established in the Criminal Procedure Law of 1979 and has remained relatively stable for over four decades.In the context of the Fourth Amendment of the Criminal Procedure Law,conducting a comprehensive and in-depth study of such provisions would be beneficial.The core value of this regulation lies in its role as a procedural sanction,imposing a negative evaluation on first-instance procedural violations and attributing procedural legal consequences to them,which also reflects the appellate structure of ex post facto review.In practice,three paradoxical phenomena are associated with the application of this regulation:universal neglect,selective misuse,and mysterious application.In the application and modification of this provision,it is necessary to reiterate its basic structure of upholding procedural justice and its underlying philosophy of defending the fundamental rights of the accused.It is also essential to continuously elucidate the essence of this regulation through typical cases and to constrain the arbitrariness of judicial power through procedural reasoning.

关 键 词：程序违法 发回重审 程序说理 公正审判 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学] D915.3[政治法律—法学]