胆管癌动物模型建立方法研究进展  

Research progress and prospect of animal models of cholangiocarcinoma

作　　者：张如一 梁如冰 孔旭 李文岗[1] Zhang Ruyi;Liang Rubing;Kong Xu;Li Wengang(School of Medicine,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361000,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学医学院,厦门361000

出　　处：《中华实验外科杂志》2024年第4期871-875,共5页Chinese Journal of Experimental Surgery

摘　　要：疾病动物模型的意义是为了研究疾病的发生、发展规律和研究防治措施。在对疾病动物模型的研究中,有意识地改变自然条件下不可能或不容易排除的因素,能更加准确地观察模型的变化,并将研究结果推及于人类疾病。胆管癌是一种发生在胆道系统的侵袭性上皮恶性肿瘤,具有高度异质性和不良的预后。为了研究胆管癌的发生发展机制和和开发潜在药物,建立合适的胆管癌动物模型显得尤为重要。本文综述目前常用的胆管癌动物模型,包括致癌物和寄生虫诱导模型、移植瘤模型和基因工程小鼠模型。这些模型各有优劣,能够从不同角度模拟人类胆管癌的特征,如肿瘤微环境、免疫反应、分子变异等。本文讨论这些模型在药物筛选和评价方面的应用,并指出目前存在的一些问题和挑战,以期为胆管癌的研究和治疗提供参考。The significance of disease animal models is to study the occurrence and development of diseases and research prevention and treatment measures.By consciously changing factors that are impossible or difficult to exclude under natural conditions in the study of disease animal models,it is possible to observe the changes in the model more accurately and extend the research results to human diseases.Cholangiocarcinoma is an invasive epithelial malignant tumor that occurs in the biliary system and has high heterogeneity and poor prognosis.Establishing a suitable cholangiocarcinoma animal model is particularly important for studying the occurrence and development mechanism of cholangiocarcinoma and developing potential drugs.This article reviews the currently used cholangiocarcinoma animal models,including carcinogen-or parasite-induced models,transplantation tumor models,and genetically engineered mouse models.These models have their own advantages and disadvantages and can simulate different characteristics of human cholangiocarcinoma from different perspectives,such as tumor microenvironment,immune response,molecular variation,etc.This article also discusses the application of these models in drug screening and evaluation,and points out some problems and challenges currently existing,in order to provide reference and inspiration for the research and treatment of cholangiocarcinoma.

关 键 词：胆管癌 胆道肿瘤 基因编辑小鼠模型 

分 类 号：R735.8[医药卫生—肿瘤] R-332[医药卫生—临床医学]