论自由个性的显现——基于《政治经济学批判(1857-1858年手稿)》的研究  

On the Emergence of Free Individuality:An Examination Based on Economic Manuscripts of 1857-1858

作　　者：黄志军[1] Huang Zhijun

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学哲学院,北京100872

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（马克思列宁主义研究）》2023年第3期22-29,共8页MARXISM-LENINISM STUDIES

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“政治经济学批判与人的存在方式研究”(20BZX008)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在《政治经济学批判(1857-1858年手稿)》中,马克思对自由个性显现的理解与社会形式的三阶段理论息息相关。沿着“自我异化的扬弃同自我异化走的是同一条道路”的逻辑,马克思揭示了以交换价值为基础的生产方式对个性的压制过程,即“物的胜利”的历史进程,但同时也借此论证了自由个性由潜藏到显现的必然逻辑和现实道路。在以交换价值为目的的劳动和交往体系中,与其说第二阶段即以物象为基础的人格独立性为第三阶段即自由个性准备了物质条件,倒不如说自由个性在第二阶段就地起步便开始了自身的显现过程。由此,自由个性在马克思的世界历史理论中才可以说是以历史唯物主义的方式为自身奠定了基础。这对于我们进一步把握人类文明形态发展的历史进程与可能空间提供了理论上的启示。In Economic Manuscripts of 1857-1858,Marx's understanding of the emergence of free individuality is closely related to the three-stage theory of social form.Along the logic of"sublation of self-alienation and self-alienation follow the same path",Marx revealed the suppression of individuality by the mode of production based on exchange value,namely the historical process of"the victory of things",but also demonstrated the logical and realistic path of free individuality from hiding to showing.In the labor and communication system aimed at exchange value,it is not so much that the personality independence based on images in the second stage prepares the material conditions for the third stage,that is,the free personality starts its own appearance process in the second stage.Thus,the free personality can be said to have laid a foundation for itself in the way of historical materialism in Marx's theory of world history.This provides a theoretical prediction for us to further grasp the historical process and possible space of the development of human civilization.

关 键 词：自由个性 交换价值 劳动 交往 

分 类 号：A811[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]