契约抑或侵权:诈骗犯罪所涉合同的请求权基础重构  

Contract or Tort:Reconstruction of the Basis of Claim of Contract Involved in Fraud Crime

作　　者：狄克春 Di Kechun

机构地区：[1]苏州市公安局经侦支队 [2]公安部经侦局

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（刑事法学）》2023年第10期141-157,共17页criminal law

摘　　要：以契约作为诈骗行为的请求权基础,导致合同效力评价缺少民法依据支撑、实务观点混乱。诈骗犯罪成立与合同有效或者可撤销的结论之间存在逻辑悖论。现代民法通常将法律行为制度中的欺诈与侵权法上的欺诈加以区别,诈骗所涉合同不存在履行利益,没有履约的必要,合同诈骗受害人损失的是固有利益,故请求权基础应当回归侵权,从而消除民刑评价过度背离的现象。涉及关联第三人的民事权益争议,可以根据不同情形确定相应的过错赔偿责任。The use of a contract as the basis for a claim of fraud often results in a lack of support from civil law for evaluating the validity of the contract,causing confusion in legal practice.This is because there is a logical paradox between establishing the crime of fraud and determining the validity or revocability of the contract.In modern civil law,fraud in legal acts is distinguished from that in tort law.In contract fraud,there is no interest or need of performing the contract.It is inherent interests that the victim of contract fraud loses.Therefore,the basis of the right to claim should return to tort law,so as to eliminate the excessive deviation between civil and criminal evaluations.In disputes involving civil rights and interests of associated third parties,the fault liability can be determined according to different circumstances.

关 键 词：民刑交叉 合同效力 主观目的 固有利益 侵权责任 合同诈骗 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]