中国农业“双规模”经营方式创新、绩效及其外溢效应分析  

An Analysis of Innovation,Performance and Spillover Effects of"Dual-scale"Operation in China's Agriculture

作　　者：郑旭媛 林庆林 周凌晨诺 Zheng Xuyuan;Lin Qinglin;Zhou Lingchennuo

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学经济与管理学院

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（农业经济研究）》2023年第1期17-33,共17页AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“不完全要素市场与风险分担视角下粮食生产经营规模主体契约选择与组合行为及影响研究”(编号:71973026);国家社会科学基金重大项目“我国三大平原‘资源—要素—政策’相协调的粮食和生态‘双安全’研究”(编号:20&ZD094);国家自然科学基金面上项目“病虫害防治外包的服务响应、服务规模与生态防效”(编号:71873035)。

摘　　要：本文关注中国农业规模经营中经营主体创新性地开展“双规模”经营(即土地规模经营+服务规模经营)的现象,并分析该经营方式的成因与效果。通过构建相应的理论分析框架,本文利用两套多省份农户微观调查数据,分析“双规模”经营方式对经营主体生产经营绩效的影响及其外溢效应。研究结果表明:“双规模”经营方式是在中国要素市场不完全和农地高度细碎化的条件下一种兼顾了经济激励、风险分担和交易成本减少的契约方式,相比于单一规模经营方式,享有较高的收益风险比;且“双规模”经营方式因要素互补、要素利用率提升,不仅对经营主体生产经营绩效的提升产生了有益影响,还对被服务农户的粮食生产效率提升产生了外溢效应。上述研究结论表明,适当鼓励“双规模”经营方式,有利于经营主体提高生产经营绩效,也使得小农户更充分地享有分工经济,进而促进中国农业规模经营平稳有序发展。This study focuses on the phenomenon of innovative"dual-scale"operation(i.e.land scale operation+service scale operation)carried out by business operators in China's agricultural scale management,and analyzes the causes and effects of this mode of operation.By constructing a theoretical framework of analysis,this article analyzes the production,operation performance and spillover effects of the"dual-scale"operation approach using two sets of cross-period micro-survey data of farmers in multiple provinces.The results show that the"dual-scale"operation approach is a contractual approach that combines economic incentives,risk sharing,and transaction cost innovation under the conditions of incomplete factor markets and high fragmentation of farmland in China.Compared with the single scale operation approach,it enjoys a higher return-to-risk ratio.The"dual-scale"operation method not only has a beneficial impact on the production and operation performance of business operators due to the complementarity of factors and the improvement of factor utilization,but also has a spillover effect on the improvement of the food production efficiency of the served farmers.The above findings suggest that encouraging"dual-scale"operation is conducive to the improvement of production and operation performance of business operators,allowing small farmers to further enjoy the division of labor economy,thus promoting the stable and orderly development of agricultural scale operation in China.

关 键 词：投资组合理论 土地规模经营 服务规模经营 生产经营绩效 “双规模”经营 

分 类 号：F321.1[经济管理—产业经济]