奥氏体不锈钢材料劣化快速评价技术  

Rapid evaluation technology of austenitic stainless steel material degradation

作　　者：陈仙凤 周彬 余焕伟 肖飚[4] 任绪凯 杜锡勇 唐艳同 CHEN Xianfeng;ZHOU Bin;YU Huanwei;XIAO Biao;REN Xukai;DU Xiyong;TANG Yantong(Shaoxing Special Equipment Testing Institute,Shaoxing 312071,China;Shaoxing key Laboratory of Intelligent Testing and Evaluation of Special Equipment,Shaoxing 312071,China;Zhejiang Deli Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Shaoxing 312500,China;Shanghai Institute of Special Equipment Inspection and Technical Research,Shanghai 200062,China)

机构地区：[1]绍兴市特种设备检测院,绍兴312071 [2]绍兴市特种设备智能检测与评价重点实验室,绍兴312071 [3]浙江德力装备有限公司,绍兴312500 [4]上海市特种设备监督检验技术研究院,上海200062

出　　处：《理化检验（物理分册）》2024年第4期17-24,30,共9页Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis(Part A:Physical Testing)

基　　金：浙江省市场监管科技计划项目(20200333);浙江省市场监管局雏鹰计划项目(CY2022225)。

摘　　要：对不同状态下304不锈钢的里氏硬度分布、超声回波信号、显微组织等进行研究,阐明了里氏硬度离散率、超声波频谱分布等指标与材料劣化状态之间的关系,并运用D-S证据理论将多指标信息融合后,对奥氏体不锈钢材料进行评价。结果表明:正常固溶处理的304不锈钢的硬度离散率小于1.5%,而当材料劣化时,其硬度离散率会显著增大,且超声回波信号的频谱能量分布特征也存在显著变化;采用D-S证据理论对里氏硬度离散率、超声回波的低频能量下降比和高频能量下降比3个指标进行融合,可有效解决评价指标之间的相互冲突问题,显著提高奥氏体不锈钢现场快速评价结果的置信度。The Leeb hardness distribution,ultrasonic echo signal and microstructure of 304 stainless steel under different conditions were studied.The relationship between Leeb hardness dispersion rate,ultrasonic spectrum distribution and material degradation state was clarified.The D-S evidence theory was used to fuse multi-index information to evaluate austenitic stainless steel materials.The results show that the hardness dispersion rate of 304 stainless steel after normal solution treatment was less than 1.5%.When the material was degraded,the hardness dispersion rate would increase significantly,and the spectral energy distribution characteristics of ultrasonic echo signal also changed significantly.The D-S evidence theory was used to fuse the three indexes of Leeb hardness dispersion rate,low frequency energy drop ratio and high frequency energy drop ratio of ultrasonic echo,which could effectively solve the conflict between the evaluation indexes and significantly improve the confidence of the rapid evaluation results of austenitic stainless steel on site.

关 键 词：奥氏体不锈钢 D-S证据理论 超声回波 里氏硬度离散率 置信度 

分 类 号：TG157[金属学及工艺—热处理] TG115.2[金属学及工艺—金属学]