外源有机酸对盐碱土壤苗期棉花根系生理特征及根系分泌物中有机酸的影响  

Effects of Exogenous Organic Acids on Physiological Characteristics of Cotton Roots and Organic Acids in Root Exudates in Saline Soil at the Seedling Stage

作　　者：王伯豪 刘丹阳 马合巴丽·奥腊孜别克 李君[2] 朱新萍 杨再磊[1] 徐万里 贾宏涛[1] WANG Bo-hao;LIU Dan-yang;Mahebali Olazbek;LI Jun;ZHU Xin-ping;YANG Zai-lei;XU Wan-li;JIA Hong-tao(Key Laboratory of Soil and Plant Ecological Processes,College of Resources and Environment,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;College of Bioscience and Resources Environment,BUA,Beijing 102206,China;Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Land Improvement and Utilization(Arid and Semi-Arid Areas)of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Soil Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Conservation,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学资源与环境学院/新疆土壤与植物生态过程重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业大学化学化工学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [3]北京农学院生物与资源环境学院,北京102206 [4]新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所/农业农村部盐碱地改良与利用(干旱半干旱区盐碱地)重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《新疆农业大学学报》2023年第5期385-393,共9页Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发专项(2021YFD1900802-4)。

摘　　要：为研究添加不同浓度的有机酸对棉花苗期生理特征和根系分泌物中有机酸的影响,本研究使用喀什市伽师县采集的两种盐碱土壤,总盐12.8 g/kg(中度盐碱土)和总盐19.3 g/kg(重度盐碱土),设置5、10 mmol/L有机酸添加浓度,分别添加草酸、乙酸、抗坏血酸和甲酸4种有机酸,以不添加有机酸作为对照组,共18个处理,利用盆栽试验研究盐碱土添加不同种类的有机酸对棉花根系中丙二醛、渗透调节物质、抗氧化酶和根系分泌物中有机酸含量的影响。结果表明,外源有机酸可以显著降低土壤pH值(P<0.05),随着盐度增加苗期棉花根系丙二醛、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、脯氨酸含量上升,外源有机酸处理后显著降低根系丙二醛含量(降低幅度11.4%~38.4%)(P<0.05),显著增加渗透调节物质和抗氧化酶活性(P<0.05),改变棉花苗期根系分泌物中有机酸的组成,显著促进草酸的分泌(P<0.05),表明草酸是响应盐碱的主要有机酸。综合以上指标,外源草酸、乙酸、抗坏血酸和甲酸可以缓解盐碱土对棉花苗期的损伤,其中添加5 mmol/L草酸效果最佳。To study the effects of adding different concentrations of organic acids on physiological characteristics and organic acids in root exudates of cotton at the seedling stage by using two kinds of saline-alkali soils collected in Jishi County,Kashgar City,with salinity of 12.8 g/kg(medium saline-alkali soil)and salinity of 19.3 g/kg(heavy saline-alkali soil).The addition concentrations of 5 mmol/L and 10 mmol/L organic acids were set,and four organic acids,oxalic acid,acetic acid,ascorbic acid,and formic acid were added respectively,with no organic acid added as the control group.A total of 18 treatments were performed.Then the effects of adding different kinds of organic acids under saline-alkali soil on the contents of malondialdehyde,osmotic regulator,antioxidant enzyme,and organic acids in pot experiment cotton were studied.The results showed as follows:With the increase of salinity,exogenous organic acids could significantly reduce soil pH(P<0.05),the contents of malondialdehyde,soluble sugar,and soluble protein proline in cotton root at the seedling stage increased,and the content of malondialdehyde in cotton root after exogenous organic acid treatment was significantly decreased(decreased by 11.4%-38.4%)(P<0.05),and the activities of osmoregulatory substances and antioxidant enzymes were significantly increased(P<0.05).The composition of organic acids in root exudates of cotton at a seedling stage significantly promoted oxalic acid secretion(P<0.05),indicating that oxalic acid was the main organic acid responding to salt and alkali.According to the above indexes,exogenous oxalic acid,acetic acid,ascorbic acid,and formic acid can alleviate the damage of saline-alkali soil in the cotton seedling stage,and the addition of 5 mmol/L oxalic acid has the best effect.

关 键 词：盐碱土 有机酸 抗氧化酶 根系分泌物 

分 类 号：S156.2[农业科学—土壤学]