水下三维地形扫测在深远海大吨位沉船打捞项目中的应用  

Application of underwater 3D topographic survey in deep sea large tonnage shipwreck salvage

作　　者：张立[1] ZHANG Li(Shanghai Salvage Bureau,Shanghai 200090,China)

机构地区：[1]交通运输部上海打捞局,上海200090

出　　处：《水道港口》2024年第2期277-281,共5页Journal of Waterway and Harbor

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(TKS20220303);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0810404)。

摘　　要：为精确测量KT轮搁浅位置处的水深变化数据,并全面调查海底地形和地貌情况,基于“多波束水下三维地形扫测”的系统集成、设备组合以及相关研究进展,以KT轮打捞施工为例,详细介绍了具体测量细节。通过水下三维扫测成果得知:暗礁区域南北长约1500 m,东西宽约1700 m,整体水深范围小于5 m;KT轮搁浅于暗礁东侧,距离深水区域约300 m;暗礁水下地形沟壑纵横,覆盖有大量野生珊瑚礁。利用水下扫测成果,生成了“暗礁水下三维数字地面模型”,识别了复杂地形和遗落残骸等影响打捞施工的风险因子,制定的救助打捞方案最大程度降低了对施工区域生态环境的破坏,对同类深远海大吨位沉船打捞具有推广意义。In order to accurately measure the water depth change data at the position of Ship KT,and comprehensively investigate the seabed topography and geomorphology of the entire reef and its surrounding waters,the system integration and equipment combination of"multi-beam underwater 3D terrain scanning"were presented in this paper,as well as the relevant research progress.Taking the salvage construction of KT ship as an example,specific surveying details were introduced in detail.According to the results of underwater 3D scanning,the length of the reef area is about 1500 m from north to south,and the width is about 1700 m from east to west;KT grounded on the east side of the reef,about 300 m away from the deep water area;The underwater terrain of the reef is crisscrossed by ravines and covered with wild coral reefs.Using the results of underwater scanning,the"underwater 3D digital ground model of reef"was generated,the risk factors affecting the salvage construction such as complex terrain and lost debris were identified,and the construction party was assisted in formulating a scientific and environmentally friendly rescue and salvage plan,which minimized the damage to the ecological environment in the construction area.These findings hold significant importance for the promotion of similar far-reaching large-scale shipwreck salvage projects.

关 键 词：深远海 沉船打捞 水下三维扫测 多波束 

分 类 号：U676.6[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]