魏校《大学》诠释的学术取向及其意义  

The Scholarly Orientation of Wei Xiao’s Interpretation of Daxue and Its Significance

作　　者：李敬峰[1] Li Jingfeng

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学哲学学院,陕西西安710119

出　　处：《中州学刊》2024年第5期118-124,共7页Academic Journal of Zhongzhou

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“关中朱子学研究”(23AZX011)。

摘　　要：魏校是明代中期与阳明并肩齐名的学者,然以往那种以阳明为中心来审视整个明代理学的研究,不仅遮蔽了魏校的学术贡献,也掩盖了明代理学的多元面向。魏校依循朱子、阳明由《大学》而入建构学术体系的路径,精心结撰《大学指归》,首先以还原古文字的形式来试图恢复更“古”的古本《大学》,尔后通过对《大学》义理骨架“三纲、八目”的新诠来构建新的学术体系,显豁出“谴取朱、王,自立新说”的学术特质,成为明代中期“介于朱、王二本之间”的典范学者。魏校此举表征出,明代中期的学术绝非只是已有的研究所表明的那样非朱即王。相反,谴取、突破朱、王藩篱,早在阳明在世时就已有端倪,这就为我们理解和把握明代中期学术的多元面向提供一个典范的参照物。Wei Xiao was one of the most famous scholars in the mid-Ming Dynasty alongside Wang Yangming,but the previous studies that focused on Yang Ming as the centre of the whole Ming Neo-Confucianism not only obscured Wei Xiao’s academic contributions,but also covered the diversified aspects of Ming Neo-Confucianism.Wei Xiao followed the footsteps of Zhu Zi and Wang Yangming,who constructed their academic systems from Daxue,and meticulously compiled Daxue ZhiGui.Firstly,he attempted to restore the earlier ancient version of Daxue by restoring the ancient text,and then he constructed a new academic system through the new interpretation of the“Three Programmes and Eight Entries”of the doctrinal framework of Daxue,revealing the academic qualities of“critically absorbing Zhu and Wang,and creating new doctrines on his own”,and he became an exemplary scholar in the middle of the Ming Dynasty who was“a compromise between Zhu and Wang”.Wei Xiao’s doctrine demonstrated that scholarship in the mid-Ming Dynasty was far from being either Zhu or Wang,as existing research has suggested.On the contrary,when Wang Yangming was still alive,there were already hints of critically absorbing and breaking through the barriers of Zhu and Wang,which provided an exemplary reference point for us to understand and grasp the pluralistic orientation of scholarship in the mid-Ming Dynasty.

关 键 词：魏校 《大学指归》 朱子学 阳明学 谴取朱、王 

分 类 号：B248[哲学宗教—中国哲学]