基于多用户变色龙哈希的可修正联盟链方案设计  

New Design of Redactable Consortium Blockchain Scheme Based on Multi-user Chameleon Hash

作　　者：康重 王卯宁 马小雯 段美姣 KANG Zhong;WANG Maoning;MA Xiaowen;DUAN Meijiao(School of Information,Central University of Finance and Economics,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学信息学院,北京102206

出　　处：《计算机科学》2024年第S01期987-992,共6页Computer Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61907042,61702570);北京市自然科学基金(4194090);四川省教育厅人文社会科学重点研究基地科技金融与创业金融研究中心课题(JR2018-2)。

摘　　要：因存在缺乏数据监管策略、数据包含可疑或有害信息、数据上链后无法修改等问题,现有的区块链架构容易成为低成本网络犯罪的法外场所,因而限制了其可用性。可修正区块链方案被认为是解决这一问题的有效途径,但如何将这一理念与联盟链的优势相结合是一个尚未解决的技术问题。为此,所提方案扩展了变色龙哈希函数的概念到多用户情形,引入群组公钥,完善了单一用户持有密钥导致的修改权限中心化问题。在此基础上,提出了一种面向联盟链的可修正区块链方案,采用请求修改-修改验证的两阶段模式完成修改功能。在通用模型和随机预言模型下,基于离散对数问题困难假设,分别证明了所提方案是抗碰撞的和多用户安全的。仿真实验和对比分析论证了所提方案的有效性和可用性。Due to the lack of supervision strategies,the inclusion of suspicious or harmful information,and the inability to modify data after being uploaded to the chain,the existing blockchain architecture is likely to become an extrajudicial place for low-cost cybercrime,thus limiting its usability.The redactable blockchain scheme is considered to be an effective way to solve this pro-blem,but how to combine this concept with the advantages of the consortium blockchain is an unresolved technical problem.To this end,in this paper,a new cryptographic scheme is put forward,which extends the concept of chameleon hash functions to multi-user scenarios by introducing the group key,and improves the solution to the problem of centralized modification rights caused by a single user holding the whole trapdoor key.On this basis,a consortium-oriented redactable blockchain scheme is proposed,which adopts a two-stage model of request-verification to complete the modification.Under the general model and random oracle model,based on the discrete logarithm assumption,it is proved that the scheme is collision-free and multi-user secure.Simulation experiments and comparative analysis also demonstrate the effectiveness and usability of the scheme.

关 键 词：可修正区块链 变色龙哈希 联盟链 多用户 分叉引理 离散对数问题 

分 类 号：TP309[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构] TP311.13[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]