两种投喂模式对中华绒螯蟹生长性能及可食部位风味品质的影响  

Effects of Two Feeding Patterns on Growth and Flavor Quality in Edible Parts of Chinese Mitten Crab(Eriocheir sinensis)

作　　者：邹芳 徐洁 史家源 张鑫[1] 马行空[2] 王安然 葛家春[2] 苗淑彦[1] ZOU Fang;XU Jie;SHI Jiayuan;ZHANG Xin;MA Xingkong;WANG Anran;GE Jiachun;MIAO Shuyan(College of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou University,Jiangsu Yangzhou 225009,China;Jiangsu Provincial Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute,Jiangsu Nanjing 210000,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,江苏扬州225009 [2]江苏省淡水水产研究所,江苏南京210000

出　　处：《饲料工业》2024年第10期71-77,共7页Feed Industry

基　　金：江苏省种业振兴揭榜挂帅项目[JBGS(2021)126]。

摘　　要：为研究不同投喂模式对中华绒螯蟹生长性能及可食部位风味品质的影响,设置全程投喂配合饲料(A)和前期投喂配合饲料+后期投喂冰鲜鱼(B)两种投喂模式开展养殖试验。每组设置3个重复,每个重复雄蟹和雌蟹各15只。养殖试验结束后测定生长性能,肌肉、肝胰腺和性腺相关品质指标以及肝胰腺和性腺的挥发性物质含量。结果表明:两种投喂模式对中华绒螯蟹肝胰腺指数、肥满度及附肢肌肉的硬度、内聚性、弹性、剪切力均无显著影响(P>0.05)。B组的雄蟹性腺指数以及雌蟹的增重率、特定生长率显著高于A组(P<0.05)。B组的雌蟹生长性能优于A组(P<0.05),同样地,B组雄蟹肝胰腺和性腺色泽、肌肉胶原蛋白含量也优于A组(P<0.05),且B组的中华绒螯蟹具有更好的风味(P<0.05)。综上所述,前期投喂配合饲料而后期投喂冰鲜鱼的饵料模式对中华绒螯蟹的育肥及风味品质具有更好的效果。因此,后续对于配合饲料的开发建议着重于呈味物质、促胶原蛋白生成和育肥功能饲料的开发方面。To study the effects of different feeding patterns on growth performance and flavor quality in edible parts of Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis),two groups were set up for the feeding trial:feeding formulated feed throughout the feeding trial(A),and feeding formulated feed in the early-stage and feeding chilled trash fish in the late stage(B).Three replicates were set in each group,with 15 male and 15 female crabs in each repli‐cate.At the end of the experiment,the growth performance and muscle,hepatopancreas and gonad re‐lated quality indexes,and volatile substances of hepatopancreas and gonads were measured.The results showed that the two feed patterns had no significant effect on the hepatopancreas index and condition fac‐tor of Chinese mitten crab,as well as the hardness,cohesiveness,springiness and shear force of leg muscle tissue(P>0.05).While the combination of diet supplemented with chilled trash fish significantly increased the gonad index in male crabs(P<0.05),it also enhanced the weight gain rate and specific growth rate in female crabs(P<0.05).Group B exhibited better growth performance than Group A in fe‐male crabs(P<0.05).Similarly,Group B showed superior hepatopancreas and gonad coloration effects in male crabs(P<0.05),as well as higher muscle collagen protein content compared to Group A(P<0.05).Furthermore,the crabs in Group B,when fed in combination with the diet complemented by chilled trash fish,demonstrated a more favorable flavor(P<0.05).Overall,a feeding regimen consisting of feeding with formulated feed in the early stage followed by later feeding with chilled trash fish demonstrates superior effects on the fattening and flavor quality of river crabs.Consequently,the subsequent development of for‐mulated feed should focus on the enhancement of flavor compounds,promotion of collagen protein synthe‐sis,and the development of fattening-functional feed.

关 键 词：中华绒螯蟹 投喂模式 配合饲料 冰鲜鱼 育肥 风味品质 

分 类 号：S816.32[农业科学—饲料科学]