不同饲料蛋白质水平对克氏原螯虾生长、肌肉成分、消化酶活性、抗氧化能力的影响  

Effects of Different Dietary Protein Levels on Growth,Muscle Composition,Digestive Enzyme Activity and Antioxidant Capacity of Procambarus

作　　者：徐笑娜 宋光同[1,2] 王芬 朱士明[3] 陈祝 李正荣 殷俊峰 黄勇 XU Xiaona;SONG Guangtong;WANG Fen;ZHU Shiming;CHEN Zhu;LI Zhengrong;YIN Junfeng;HUANG Yong(Fisheries Research Institute,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Anhui Hefei 230031,China;Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture and Enhancement of Anhui Province,Anhui Hefei 230031,China;Hefei Runzhi Eco-Agriculture Co.,Ltd.,Anhui Hefei 230000,China;Aquatic Technology Promotion Station of Anhui Province,Anhui Hefei 230011,China;Institute of Agro-Product Science and Technology,Anhui Academy of Agricultural,Anhui Hefei 230031,China;Jingu Vocational Training School,Anhui Hefei 230041,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省农业科学院水产研究所,安徽合肥230031 [2]水产增养殖安徽省重点实验室,安徽合肥230031 [3]合肥润枝生态农业有限公司,安徽合肥230000 [4]安徽省水产技术推广总站,安徽合肥230011 [5]安徽省农业科学院农产品加工研究所,安徽合肥230031 [6]合肥金谷职业培训学校,安徽合肥230041

出　　处：《饲料工业》2024年第10期78-83,共6页Feed Industry

基　　金：安徽省水产产业技术体系项目[AHCYJSTX-08];合肥市关键共性技术研发项目[2021GJ074]。

摘　　要：实验旨在探究饲料中不同蛋白质水平对克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii)生长性能、肌肉成分、消化酶活性、抗氧化能力的影响。饲料以豆粕为主要蛋白来源,大豆油为主要脂肪来源,豆粕、玉米淀粉为主要碳水化合物来源,配制成27.58%、32.26%、36.03%蛋白水平的等能饲料,分别命名为D1、D2、D3组。饲喂平均初始体重为(6.0±0.5)g的克氏原螯虾5周,每种实验饲料投喂3个水族箱,每个水族箱放养15只健康良好的克氏原螯虾。结果表明:克氏原螯虾终末体重、增重率随着饲料蛋白质水平的增加而增加,各组间差异显著(P<0.05)。不同蛋白水平饲料对克氏原螯虾肌肉成分无显著影响(P>0.05)。各处理组克氏原螯虾蛋白酶活性差异显著(P<0.05),D3组克氏原螯虾蛋白酶含量达到最高水平,为46.57 U/mg。同时,高蛋白饲料也刺激肝胰腺中的脂肪酶活性,在D3组的克氏原螯虾中检测到最高水平的脂肪酶活性,并与D1、D2组有显著差异(P<0.05)。D3组的过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著高于其他两组(P<0.05),D1组丙二醛(MDA)含量显著高于其他两组(P<0.05)。综上所述,适当提高饲料中蛋白质水平,对克氏原螯虾的生长有促进作用,一定程度上提升其消化能力和免疫力。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary protein levels on growth performance,muscle composition,digestive enzyme activity and antioxidant capacity of red swamp crayfish(Procambarus clarkii).Fish meal,soybean meal and rapeseed meal were the main sources of protein,soybean oil was the main source of fat,and flour was the main source of carbohydrate.The isoenergetic diets with 27.58%,32.26%and 36.03%protein levels were prepared and named D1,D2 and D3 respectively.The crayfish with a mean initial body weight of(6.0±0.5)g were fed for 5 weeks,and three aquariums were fed with each experimental crayfish.The results showed that the final body weight and weight gain rate of crayfish increased with the increase of dietary protein level,and the differences were significant among the groups(P<0.05).There was no significant effect of differ‐ent protein level feeds on muscle composition of crayfish(P>0.05).The activity of crayfish protease in each treatment group was significantly different(P<0.05),and the activity of protease in 36.03%protein diet reached the highest level,which was 46.57 U/mg.At the same time,the lipase activity in hepatopan‐creas was stimulated by high protein diet,and the highest level was detected in the D3,which was sig‐nificantly different from that of D1(27.58%)and D2(32.26%)groups(P<0.05).CAT activity in D3 group was significantly higher than that in other two groups(P<0.05),and MAD activity in D1 group was sig‐nificantly higher than that in other two groups(P<0.05).To sum up,suitably increasing the protein level in feed can promote the growth of crayfish and enhance their immunity to a certain extent.

关 键 词：克氏原螯虾 饲料 蛋白质 生长性能 肌肉成分 消化酶活性 免疫 

分 类 号：S816.32[农业科学—饲料科学]