公正能源转型伙伴关系进展、挑战及启示  

Progress,Challenges and Inspirations of Just Energy Transition Partnership

作　　者：王强 于晓龙 Wang Qiang;Yu Xiaolong(Foreign Environment Cooperation Center,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Beijing 100035)

机构地区：[1]生态环境部对外合作与交流中心,北京100035

出　　处：《中外能源》2024年第6期1-7,共7页Sino-Global Energy

摘　　要：公正能源转型伙伴关系(JETP)旨在支持对于煤炭等化石燃料依赖程度较高的发展中国家实现能源转型。自2021年启动至今,JETP参与主体已从南非拓展至印尼、越南、塞内加尔共4个国家,筹资渠道从以公共资金为主拓展至兼顾公私资金,支持范围从以脱煤为重点扩大至清洁能源等其他领域,运作过程呈现出多部门协同合作的特点。但在JETP运行过程中,也面临资金总额及优惠融资有限,资金结构不合理且落实难度较大,关键运作程序模糊且多边机构过度参与,用于落实公正原则的资金配置不足且相关工作定位模糊,项目设计缺乏经济性和协同性等问题。JETP相关进展和挑战,对我国推动绿色发展投融资合作伙伴关系(GIFP)具有借鉴作用:在完善“一带一路”绿色项目设计方面要践行绿色可持续原则,坚持多渠道融资,在开展项目准备方面要充分考虑东道国投融资环境等。The Just Energy Transition Partnership(JETP)aims to support the energy transition in developing countries that are heavily dependent on fossil fuels such as coal.Since its launch in 2021,JETP has expanded its participation from South Africa to Indonesia,Vietnam and Senegal,its financing channels have expanded from public funds to both public and private funds,and its support scope has expanded from coal removal to other fields such as clean energy.Its operation process shows the characteristics of multi-sectoral collaboration.However,JETP also faces many problems during its operation such as limited total capital and concessional financing,unreasonable capital structure and difficulty in capital implementation,vague key operation procedures and excessive participation of multilateral institutions,insufficient allocation of funds for implementation of the principle of justice,vague positioning of related work,and lack of economy and synergy in project design.The relevant progress and challenges for JETP can be used as a reference for China's promotion of Green Investment and Finance Partnership(GIFP).China should practice the principle of green and sustainable development in improving the design of green projects of the Belt and Road Initiative,adhere to multi-channel financing,and fully consider the investment and financing environment of the host country in project preparation.

关 键 词：能源转型 绿色投融资 公正原则 项目设计 多渠道融资 一带一路 

分 类 号：F27[经济管理—企业管理]