田菁不同部位营养价值、分子结构特性和体外瘤胃降解率研究  

Study on Nutritional Value,Molecular Structure Characteristics and in Vitro Rumen Degradation Rate in Different Parts of Sesbania cannabina

作　　者：王路遥 江应松 曹晓风[3] 韩波 卜登攀[5] 邓娴[3] 赵庆华[3] 于静 尤常清 张晓冬[6] 马露[5] 贾亚军 田雨佳 WANG Luyao;JIANG Yingsong;CAO Xiaofeng;HAN Bo;BU Dengpan;DENG Xian;ZHAO Qinghua;YU Jing;YOU Changqing;ZHANG Xiaodong;MA Lu;JIA Yajun;TIAN Yujia(Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Farming,College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300392,China;Tianjin Agricultural and Rural Committee,Tianjin 300454,China;Genome Biology Research Center,Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Tianjin Mengde Group Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300188,China;Department of Ruminant Nutrition Innovation,Institute of Animal Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Ji’nan 250100,China;Department of Innovative Research,Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory,Hainan Province,Sanya 572024,China)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院动物科学与动物医学学院,天津市农业动物繁育与健康养殖重点实验室,天津300392 [2]天津市农业农村委,天津300454 [3]中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所,基因组生物学研究中心,北京100101 [4]天津梦得集团有限公司,天津300188 [5]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,反刍动物营养创新部,北京100193 [6]山东省农业科学院农作物种质资源研究所,济南250100 [7]海南省崖州湾种子实验室,创新研究部,三亚572024

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第5期3386-3400,共15页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家黄三角农高区科技专项资助项目(2022SZX14);天津市奶牛(肉羊)产业技术体系创新团队建设项目(ITTCRS2021000);中国科学院青年创新促进会优秀会员项目(2022039);黑土地保护与利用科技创新工程专项资助(XDA28030100);国家奶牛产业技术体系(CARS-36)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究田菁不同部位(包括叶、茎、根及全株)的营养价值、分子结构特征及体外瘤胃降解率,为反刍动物优质粗饲料资源的开发提供基础数据。试验按照概略养分分析法和康奈尔净碳水化合物和蛋白质体系(CNCPS)分析田菁叶、茎、根及全株的营养成分含量,同时利用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)技术对田菁不同部位的分子结构进行分析,最后进行体外瘤胃模拟发酵,分析田菁不同部位在瘤胃内的降解率以及产气量。结果表明:1)田菁不同部位间的蛋白质组成和二级结构光谱参数存在显著差异(P<0.05)。其中,叶的蛋白质成分含量较高,根的较低;叶的酰胺Ⅰ区和酰胺Ⅱ区的峰高和峰面积以及β-折叠峰面积较高,茎的酰胺Ⅰ区峰高和峰面积较低。2)田菁不同部位间的碳水化合物组成和分子结构光谱参数存在显著差异(P<0.05)。其中,根的中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)和酸性洗涤木质素(ADL)含量较高,叶的较低;根的总碳水化合物峰高和峰面积较高。此外,田菁的蛋白质和碳水化合物组成与分子结构之间存在一定的相关性。3)田菁叶的体外发酵粗蛋白质和干物质降解率最高,显著高于全株、茎和根(P<0.05);叶的48 h总产气量显著高于茎和根(P<0.05)。由此可见,田菁不同部位的营养价值与分子结构之间具有一定的相关性;其中,叶和茎的营养价值及利用率相对较高,而根的营养价值及利用率较低。The aim of this experiment was to study the nutritional value,molecular structure characteristics and in vitro rumen degradation rate in different parts of Sesbania cannabina(including leaves,stems,roots and whole plant),and to provide basic data for the development of high⁃quality roughage resources for ruminants.The nutrient contents in leaves,stems,roots and whole plant of Sesbania cannabina were analyzed according to the preliminary nutrient analysis and Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System(CNCPS).Meanwhile,the molecular structure of different parts of Sesbania cannabina was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)technology.Finally,the rumen simulated fermentation was carried out in vitro,and the degradation rate and gas production of different parts of Sesbania cannabina were analyzed.The results showed as follows:1)there were significant differences in protein composition and secondary structure spectral param⁃eters among different parts of Sesbania cannabina(P<0.05).Among them,the protein content in leaves was higher,while that in roots was lower.The peak height and peak area of amideⅠand amideⅡandβ⁃sheet peak area in leaves were higher,while the peak height and peak area of amideⅠin stems were lower.2)The carbohydrate composition and molecular structure spectral parameters in different parts of Sesbania cannabina were significantly different(P<0.05).The contents of neutral detergent fiber(NDF),acid detergent fiber(ADF)and acid detergent lignin(ADL)were higher in roots,but lower in leaves;the peak height and peak area of total carbohydrate in roots were higher.In addition,there was a certain correlation between the protein and carbohydrate composition of Sesbania cannabina and its molecular structure.3)The in vitro fermentation degradation rates of crude protein and dry matter in leaves of Sesbania cannabina were the highest,which were significantly higher than those in whole plant,stems and roots(P<0.05);the 48 h total gas production of leaves was significantly higher

关 键 词：田菁 傅立叶变换红外光谱 分子结构 营养价值 瘤胃降解 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]