中国传统政治文化中的“民主”与“选举”  

Minzhu and Xuanju in Chinese Traditional Political Culture

作　　者：徐克谦 XU Ke-qian

机构地区：[1]三江学院文学与新闻传播学院,江苏省南京市210012 [2]南京师范大学文学院,江苏省南京市210097

出　　处：《南京大学学报（哲学．人文科学．社会科学）》2024年第2期100-108,160,共10页Journal of Nanjing University(Philosophy,Humanities and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：“民主”与“选举”本是中国传统政治文化中的固有名词,有其特定的政治历史内涵,与我们今天通常理解的源自西方的民主、选举概念名实并不完全吻合。中国古代所谓“民主”的基本意涵,是指处于统治者之位,并能为民做主的人;而所谓“选举”则是指通过推荐、考察、考试等方式挑选出有德有才的贤人来从政。但前人之所以用“民主”“选举”这两个中国固有名词来翻译西方现代政治中的民主、选举概念,则表明这两者之间并非毫无关系。西方现代民主、选举的政治理论可以映照出中国传统政治文化的不足;同样,从中国传统政治中的“民主”“选举”理念出发,也可以反观西方当代民主、选举文化的弊端。或许中、西“民主”“选举”概念的视域融合,可以为探讨当代社会政治文明的发展提供某种启迪。Minzhu and xuanju are inherent terms in Chinese traditional political culture,with their specific political and historical connotations,and they are not completely consistent with the Western concepts of democracy and election that we usually understand today.The basic meaning of minzhu in ancient China refers to those who are in the position of a ruler and can make decisions on behalf of the people.The so-called xuanju refers to the selection of the virtuous and the talented for politics by means of recommendation,inspection and examination.However,the reason why our predecessors used these two Chinese words to translate the concepts of democracy and election in Western modern politics is that they are not unrelated at all.The western modern political theory of democracy and election can reflect the defects of Chinese traditional political culture.Similarly,from the concept of minzhu and xuanju in Chinese traditional politics,we can also see some malpractices in the Western contemporary democracy and election culture.The fusion of Chinese and Western concepts of minzhu/democracy and xuanju/election may give some insights into our understanding of the development of contemporary social and political civilization.Body and Virtual Space in Phenomenology and Psychoanalysis Jacob Rogozinski What are the original dimensions of“virtual space”?Is the artificial digital space constructed by technological devices all its signification?In this paper,the author discusses this question by drawing on the intellectual resources of phenomenology and psychoanalysis.In fact,Merleau-Ponty’s distinction between the virtual and the real body gives a whole new meaning to“virtual space”,pointing to the space in which the virtual body unfolds,i.e.,a potentiality inherent in our own bodies.Winnicott traces the original form of this potentiality to the mother’s face,which provides the subject with a virtual transitional space and allows the subject to access its initial creativity.Prior to the formation of this transitional s

关 键 词：中国传统政治文化 中国古代政治制度 民主 为民做主 选举 

分 类 号：D092[政治法律—政治学]