不同年龄龋齿患者口腔微生物群的差异:低丰度类群的启示  

Differences in oral microbiota of patients with dental caries at different ages:insights from low-abundance taxa

作　　者：陈婷 CHEN Ting(Obstetrics and Gynecology Department,Fozuling Community Health Service Center,Wuhan,Hubei 430205,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉市东湖新技术开发区佛祖岭社区卫生服务中心,湖北430205

出　　处：《中国微生态学杂志》2024年第4期420-430,共11页Chinese Journal of Microecology

摘　　要：目的 了解龋齿患者口腔微生物群沿年龄梯度的变化差异将有助于针对不同年龄龋齿患者进行差异化治疗。方法 采集24名不同年龄(儿童组、青年组和老年组)龋齿患者牙菌斑和唾液样本,进行16S r RNA基因高通量测序探讨不同年龄龋齿患者与口腔微生物群的关系。结果 老年组口腔微生物群的alpha多样性最高(P<0.05);而青年组beta多样性变异程度最大。通过共有和特有的物种及共现网络分析,发现儿童组中二氧化碳噬纤维菌属、福赛斯坦纳菌属、蜈蚣菌属、心杆菌属、聚集杆菌属以及特有属霍尔德曼菌属、泰勒菌属、毛螺菌属、镰孢菌属、八叠球菌属对其群落特异性起重要作用;青年患者的网络中关键菌属小杆菌属、梭菌属(Family_ⅩⅢ_UCG-001)、约翰森菌属以及特有属厌氧弧菌属、Candidatus_Tammella、亚硝化单胞菌科的MND1属对其群落特异性起重要作用;老年患者的网络中关键属是纤毛菌科的norank_f_Leptotrichiaceae属、缠节优杆菌群(Eubacterium_nodatum_group)、罗斯菌属、链球菌属和小杆菌属。以上这些属除了链球菌属和聚集杆菌属外的其他属相关丰度均低于0.1%。结论 低丰度物种影响着不同年龄龋齿患者口腔微生物的差异。Objective To understand the differences in the composition of oral microbiota across age gradient for tailoring treatment strategies for patients with dental caries. Methods Supragingival dental plaque samples and saliva samples (n=24) were collected from a wide age range (children group, youth group and elderly group) of patients with caries. High-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene was employed to explore the relationship between age and oral microbiota in patients with dental caries. Results The α-diversity of oral microbiota was the highest in the elderly group (P<0.05), while the β-diversity in the youth group displayed the greatest variation. Meanwhile, the differences in the structure and variation of oral microbiota communities among cary patients of varying ages were analysed through the co-occurrence network as well as shared and endemic species in cary patients of different age groups. Concretely speaking, Capnocytophaga, Tannerella, Centipeda, Cardiobacterium and Aggregatibacter, as well as the endemic genera Holdemanella, Tyzzerella, Lachnospiraceae, Catenisphaera and Sarcina played an important role in bacterial community in children group. In the co-occurrence network of middle-aged patients, the key genera Dialister, Family_Ⅹ Ⅲ_UCG-001 and Johnsonella, and the endemic genera Anaerovibrio, Candidatus_Tammella and MND1 of the family Nitrosomonadaceae played an important role in the community of the youth group. The key genera in the co-occurrence network of elderly group were norank_f_Leptotrichiaceae of the family Ciliobacteriaceae, Eubacterium_nodatum_group, Roseburia, Streptococcus and Microbacterium. All of these genera except Streptococcus and Aggregratibacter had relative abundances of less than 0.1%. Conclusion The importance of low-abundance taxa in shaping the oral microbiota and provide insights into the age-related differences in patients with dental caries.

关 键 词：龋齿 口腔微生物 共现网络 群落组成 群落结构 

分 类 号：R781.1[医药卫生—口腔医学]