从日本唐传乐谱看节奏节拍符号的演变  

The Evolution of Chinese and Japanese Rhythm and Meter Symbols as Reflected in Japanese Tablatures from the Tang Dynasty

作　　者：陈文革[1] 汤兆懿 Chen Wenge;Tang Zhaoyi

机构地区：[1]河南大学中国传统音乐研究所,开封475000 [2]河南大学音乐学院,开封475000

出　　处：《音乐艺术（上海音乐学院学报）》2024年第2期16-28,共13页Art of Music(Journal of the Shanghai Conservatory of Music)

基　　金：2021年度国家社科基金艺术学重大项目“黄河流域音乐文化多元一体格局研究”阶段性成果,项目批准号:21ZD18,子课题“黄河流域戏曲与说唱音乐多元一体格局研究”;2022年度河南省社科规划项目“隋唐燕乐的创新性转换与创造性发展”阶段性成果,项目批准号:2022BYS010。

摘　　要：日本唐传乐谱虽经历“平安朝乐制改革”的整合、改编和再创造,但其节奏、节拍符号仍具有承前启后的历时性特点。其中:节奏符号承自唐代谱式,后趋于简化,最终与演奏法融为一体;节拍符号上承《敦煌乐谱》并被赋予鼓谱的含义,在当今活态音乐中演变为“板眼”。日本唐乐古谱上承唐代谱式,下衔西安鼓乐、福建南音等活态乐谱,其蕴含的内在逻辑与中国传统乐谱体系脉脉相通,对其符号的解读破译,能补充中国乐谱体系从燕乐半字谱到工尺谱演变进程中所缺失的环节。Japanese music tablatures coming from Tang Dynasty experienced the"reform of music system in Heian period."However,its meter and rhythmic symbols still have the diachronic characteristics of connecting the past with the future.Its rhythm symbols inherited from the Tang Dynasty,and then tended to be simplified,and finally merged with the performance method.The beat symbol inherited the Dunhuang Music Scores and is endowed with the meaning of drum score,which has evolved into"down-up beats patterns"in contemporary existing music performance.The Japanese ancient notation from Tang music inherited the notation form of the Tang Dynasty and carried on the living music scores of Xi'an drum music and Fujian nanyin(southern sound),with inherent inner logic of the ancient notation and in close connection with the traditional Chinese music score system,which was a missing link in the evolution from the Yan Music(half character notation for entertainment music)to the Gong notation system.

关 键 词：燕乐半字谱 唐乐古谱 节奏符号 节拍符号 

分 类 号：J609.2[艺术—音乐]