中国马铃薯晚疫病菌对新型杀菌剂氰霜唑的敏感性及抑菌表型研究  

Sensitivity of potato Phytophthora infestans to novel fungicide cyazofamid in China and its inhibitory effect against pathogen

作　　者：张红雪 邓登超 杨明王 霍超 曹继芬[2] 谢勇[1] 赵志坚[2] ZHANG Hong-xue;DENG Deng-chao;YANG Ming-wang;HUO Chao;CAO Ji-fen;XIE Yong;ZHAO Zhi-jan(College of Plant Protection,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Industrial Crops Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学植物保护学院,昆明650201 [2]云南省农业科学院经济作物研究所,昆明650205

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2024年第4期729-737,共9页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFE0109600);云南种子种业联合实验室项目(202205AR070001);云南省农业联合专项(202101BD070001-022)。

摘　　要：[目的]监测中国马铃薯晚疫病菌群体对新型高效杀菌剂氰霜唑的抗药性水平,探究氰霜唑的抑菌作用,为晚疫病的绿色防控和杀菌剂合理使用提供科学依据。[方法]采用含药平板法测定2015—2020年分离自中国四大马铃薯优势区域的马铃薯晚疫病菌对氰霜唑的敏感性,计算EC_(50)、抗性倍数和抗性指数,评估我国马铃薯晚疫病菌对氰霜唑的抗药性水平。离体法测定氰霜唑对晚疫病菌不同生长发育阶段的抑制表型及其对病原菌致病性的影响。[结果]中国4个马铃薯优势区域160株晚疫病菌对氰霜唑敏感性的频率分布表现为连续单峰曲线,近似正态分布;EC_(50)值处于0.0666~3.8498μg/mL,平均EC_(50)值为(0.5286±0.5394)μg/mL;马铃薯晚疫病菌对氰霜唑较敏感,且敏感菌株在群体中的比例为89.0%,为优势群体,同时检测到低抗菌株,未检测到中抗和高抗菌株。抗药性水平表明,4个优势区域晚疫病菌对氰霜唑的平均EC_(50)值和平均抗性倍数无显著性差异,北方一作区和西南混作区的低抗菌株频率超过10%。氰霜唑对晚疫病菌菌丝生长、孢子囊产生、孢子囊萌发、游动孢子释放、休止孢萌发等生长发育阶段有显著抑制,严重削弱了其致病性。[结论]中国马铃薯晚疫病菌对氰霜唑较为敏感,4个优势区域的晚疫病菌对氰霜唑的抗性指数相近且极低,抗药性风险较低,仍是目前晚疫病绿色防控的理想药剂。氰霜唑抑制了晚疫病菌的生长发育,从而削弱了其对寄主的致病性。[Objective]The study aimed to monitor the resistance level of Phytophthora infestans populations on potato towards novel efficient fungicide cyazofamid,as well as to investigate its anti-oomycete effect so as to provide scientific reference for the green control of late blight and promote rational utilization of the fungicide.[Method]The sensitivity of P.infestans isolates collected from four dominant potato regions in China during 2015 to 2020 was determined by fungicide-amended plate method,and the ECso,resistance multiple and resistance index were calculated to assess the resistance level of P.infestans to cyazofamid in China.The inhibitory phenotypes of cyazofamid on diferent growth and development stages of P.infestans and its effect on pathogenicity were determined in vitro.[Result]The frequency distribution of sensitivity of 160 isolates of P.infestans from 4 dominant regions of China showed a continuous single peak curve,which was normal distribu-tion.The ECso values ranged from 0.0666 to 3.8498μg/mL,with an average ECso value of(0.5286±0.5394)μg/mL.The results indi-cated that P.infestans isolates were more sensitive to cyazofamid,with a proportion of 89.0%.This suggested that the sensitive isolates of P.infestans were the predominant population.In addition,low-resistance isolates were detected,and moderate or high-resistant isolates were not detected.The resistance level showed that there was no significant difference in the average ECso value and the average resistance multi-ple of P.infestans to cyazolium among the four dominant potato regions.The resistance frequency was more than 10%between northern sin-gle-planting region and southwestern mixed planting region.The results showed that cyazofamid significantly inhibited the life stages of P.in-festans such as mycelial growth,sporangium formation,direct sporangium germination,zoospore release and cyst germination.This inhibition seriously compromised the pathogenicity of P.infestans.[Conclusion]Chinese P.infestans isolates exhibite greater sensitivi

关 键 词：马铃薯 晚疫病菌 氰霜唑 抗药性 抑菌表型 

分 类 号：S435[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]