从“职责同构”到政府职责体系:基层负担过重现象的生成与破解  

From“Responsibility Isomorphism”to Governmental Responsibility System:The Generation and Cracking of the Phenomenon Overburden at the Grassroots

作　　者：朱光磊[1] 黄雅卓 Zhu Guanglei;Huang Yazhuo(United Research Center of Chinese Government Development,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350)

机构地区：[1]南开大学中国政府发展联合研究中心,天津300350

出　　处：《中国行政管理》2024年第4期6-15,共10页Chinese Public Administration

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国政府职责体系建设研究”(编号:17ZDA101)。

摘　　要：“基层负担过重”是指一些基层党政组织、基层群众自治组织和体制内企事业单位出现的以“职责超载”和“问责泛滥”为内核的诸种现象。它们虽形式各异,但有着内在联系,均主要来源于“职责同构”体制及其衍生的问题。在这一体制下,府际关系层面“逐级下压--层级分工”的张力,导致职责“长驱直下”,基层“兜底”被强化;条块关系层面“属事管理--属地管理”的张力,导致权力“层层截留”,权责失衡被加剧;政社关系层面“政府行政管理--社会自我管理”的张力,导致自治组织“被行政化”,基层责任被压实。体制意图与运行结果之间的复杂关系及其内在张力,是基层承受了其无法承受之重的基本原因。要从根本上解决这一问题,就需要在制度建设上调整思路,也即合理确认各级党政机关的职责和基层群众自治组织的任务,构建科学的政府职责体系并培育和谐的政府间伙伴关系。“Heavy grassroots burden”refers to the phenomena of“overloaded responsibilities”and“rampant accountability”that have arisen in grassroots mass autonomous organizations,grassroots party and government organizations,as well as enterprises and institutions within the system.This primarily entails additional duties from higher-level party and government agencies and their departments,as well as increased accountabiligties from higher-level party and government agencies,higher-level government departments,and the general public.Despite their diversity,they are all intrinsically linked because of the“isomorphism of responsibilities”system and the issues and outcomes that follow.In this system,the“long-term drive of responsibilities”and the fortification of the grassroots“bottom line”are the results of the friction between the hierarchical division of labor at the level of inter-governmental relations.The conflict between government administration and social self-management at the level of political and social relations has resulted in the administrative transformation of autonomous organizations and the compaction of grassroots responsibilities.The conflict between“subject matter management-territorial management”at the level of block relationship leads to the interception of power layer by layer and exacerbates the imbalance of rights and responsibilities.The primary causes of the intolerable burden that grassroots groups endure are the intricate links and innate friction between institutional intentions and operational results.In order to resolve this problem at its root,it is necessary to adjust thinking in terms of institutional construction,that is,to reasonably identify the responsibilities of party and government organs at all levels and the tasks of grass-roots mass self-governance organizations,to build a scientific system of governmental responsibilities,and to cultivate a harmonious intergovernmental partnership.

关 键 词：基层负担 职责同构 府际关系 条块关系 政社关系 

分 类 号：D035[政治法律—政治学]