“有志不在年高”:我国企业职场成功老龄化诱发因素及多元驱动路径研究  

"What really Counts is Your Determination but not Your Age":A study on the Inducing Factors and Multiple Driving Paths of Successful Aging at Work in Chinese Enterprises

作　　者：李亚玲[1] 胡媛媛 Yaling LI;Yuanyuan HU(School of Business and Tourism Management,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500)

机构地区：[1]云南大学工商管理与旅游管理学院,昆明650500

出　　处：《中国人力资源开发》2024年第5期73-93,共21页Human Resources Development of China

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(18XYJ005);云南省社科规划社会智库重点项目(SHK2023206)。

摘　　要：随着我国人口老龄化程度不断加深,企业劳动力老龄化将成为职场常态。如何促进企业年长员工实现职场成功老龄化成为人力资源管理的热点,对提升组织绩效,开发老龄员工人力资本价值具有重要意义。本文扎根于企业案例,首先将内容分析法应用于本土企业管理情境分析,其次以职场成功老龄化为结果变量,个体因素、企业因素及家庭社会因素为前因变量,运用模糊集定性比较分析法探索我国企业职场成功老龄化的前因条件组合与多元驱动路径。研究发现:(1)个体因素(主动选择及优化和补偿、投入心理资本、强化个人能力)、企业因素(工作环境、工作设计、教育培训)和家庭社会因素(家庭工作平衡、给予后代支持)是诱发职场成功老龄化的前因条件,其中主动选择及优化和补偿、投入心理资本和工作设计是必要条件;(2)7种驱动实现企业职场成功老龄化的条件组态可划分为三类路径,分别是“个体-组织强响应协同驱动路径”“组织强主导-个体中响应驱动路径”和“个体-组织弱响应互动驱动路径”,其中工作设计是三类路径中唯一共同核心条件,次核心条件为工作环境、主动选择及优化和补偿、投入心理资本。强化个人能力、教育培训、家庭工作平衡、给予后代支持等其他前因条件作为边缘条件存在或缺失,起到的促进作用有限。最后,本文基于模糊集定性比较分析结论提出促进实现企业职场成功老龄化的建议。With the continuous deepening of aging in China, the aging of labor force in enterprises will become the normal in the workplace. How to promote Successful Aging at Work has become the hot topic in human resource management, which is of great significance for improving organizational performance and developing China's human capital value of elderly employees. Our study first explored possible factors in the management context of local enterprises by the content analysis method, then set SAW as the outcome variable, individual factors, factors for enterprises, as well as social and family factors as the antecedent variables, to further explore the combinations of antecedent. Research reveals that firstly individual factors including active selection, optimization and compensation, investment in psychological capital, strengthening personal abilities, factors for enterprises including work environment, work design, education and training, and social and family factors including family-work balance, providing support to future generations are antecedents that can induce SAW. Among them, active selection and optimization and compensation, investment in psychological capital, and work design are the necessary conditions;secondly, three paths originating from seven conditional configurations can be generated, respectively "individual-organizational strong response towards collaborative driving path", "strong enterprise leading towards moderate individual response driving path", and "individual-organizational weak responses towards interactive driving path". Work design is the only common core condition in the above configurations, and the secondary core conditions consist of work environment, active selection and optimization and compensation, and investment in psychological capital. Other antecedent conditions such as strengthening personal abilities, education and training,family-work balance, and providing support to future generations are existent or nonexistent as marginal conditions with limited promoting effect

关 键 词：职场成功老龄化 工作设计 工作环境 主动选择及优化和补偿 投入心理资本 

分 类 号：F272.92[经济管理—企业管理]