伪膜性结肠炎的CT表现及鉴别诊断  

CT findings and differential diagnosis of pseudomembranous colitis

作　　者：孙兆男 何江凯 黄文鹏 胡晓煜[1] 黄勇[1] 王霄英[1] Sun Zhaonan;He Jiangkai;Huang Wenpeng;Hu Xiaoyu;Huang Yong;Wang Xiaoying(Department of Radiology,Peking University First Hospital,Beijing 100034,China;Department of Nuclear Medicine,Peking University First Hospital,Beijing 100034,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学第一医院医学影像科,100034 [2]北京大学第一医院核医学科,100034

出　　处：《中华消化病与影像杂志（电子版）》2024年第2期172-176,共5页Chinese Journal of Digestion and Medical Imageology(Electronic Edition)

基　　金：首都卫生发展科研专项基金(2020-2-40710)。

摘　　要：难辨梭菌是伪膜性结肠炎(PMC)的最主要致病菌。肠道菌群失调时,难辨梭菌增殖并释放大量毒素,导致PMC。基于近期抗生素使用史、腹泻、检出难辨梭菌病原体或毒素可确诊。CT可辅助评估病变范围及严重程度。PMC与其他病因致结肠炎的CT表现有一定重叠,但一些图像特征有助于区分上述疾病。本文综述了PMC的影像学特征及鉴别诊断。Clostridium difficile is the primary pathogenic bacterium associated with pseudomembranous colitis(PMC).During an imbalance in the gut microbiota,Clostridium difficile proliferates and releases a large amount of toxins,leading to PMC.Diagnosis can be confirmed based on recent antibiotic use,diarrhea,and detection of Clostridium difficile pathogens or toxins.CT can assist in evaluating the extent and severity of the lesions.The CT manifestations of PMC overlap to some extent with other causes of colitis,but certain imaging features can help differentiate these conditions.This article provides a comprehensive review of the imaging features and differential diagnosis of PMC.

关 键 词：难辨梭菌 伪膜性结肠炎 体层摄影术 X线计算机 

分 类 号：R574.62[医药卫生—消化系统] R816.5[医药卫生—内科学]