外泌体miRNA在双相障碍中的作用及其诊断和治疗潜力  

Role of exosomal miRNA in the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder and its diagnostic and therapeutic potential

作　　者：方可 刘猛 葛金芳[2] Fang Ke;Liu Meng;Ge Jinfang(Affiliated Hospital of West Anhui Health Vocational College/The Second People′s Hospital of Lu′an City,Lu′an 237008,China;School of Pharmacy,Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230032,China)

机构地区：[1]皖西卫生职业学院附属医院六安市第二人民医院,六安237008 [2]安徽医科大学药学院,合肥230032

出　　处：《中华精神科杂志》2024年第5期274-281,共8页Chinese Journal of Psychiatry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81870403);高校优秀青年人才支持计划项目(gxyqZD2022119)。

摘　　要：外泌体是一类膜结合囊泡,携带miRNA等多种信息分子,稳定存在于多种周围体液中,并可穿越血脑屏障,是临床疾病诊断及疗效判定的理想生物标志物来源。双相障碍(bipolar disorder,BD)是一种以反复出现躁狂和抑郁发作为特征的严重精神障碍。目前,BD的诊断和疗效判定主要依赖于临床访谈和观察,尚缺乏明确的生物标志物和有效的实验室检测方法。近年来的研究证明BD患者血浆外泌体miRNA的表达模式发生改变,并与BD患者的临床表型、疾病进程和治疗反应之间存在相关性。初步的机制研究结果提示,外泌体miRNA可能通过调节靶基因和信号通路参与BD的发生发展过程。然而,目前关于外泌体miRNA在BD中的研究仍存在一些局限性和挑战,需要进一步完善和标准化。本文综述了外泌体miRNA在BD发病机制中的作用及其作为BD诊疗生物标志物的潜力,并通过比较BD患者与其他精神障碍或神经退行性疾病患者的外泌体miRNA表达谱,评估了它们在跨病种诊断和治疗中的应用潜力。Exosomes are a type of membrane-bound vesicles that carry various information molecules such as miRNAs.They are stable in various surrounding body fluids and can cross the blood-brain barrier,making them an ideal source of biomarkers for clinical disease diagnosis and therapeutic evaluation.Bipolar Disorder(BD)is a severe mental disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of mania and depression.Currently,the diagnosis and efficacy assessment of BD mainly rely on clinical interviews and observations,and there is a lack of clear biomarkers and effective laboratory testing methods.In recent years,increasing evidence showed an imbalanced expression pattern of plasma exosomes miRNA in BD patients,with a close correlation with the clinical phenotype,disease progression,and treatment response.Results of the preliminary mechanism research indicated that the extracellular miRNAs may participate in the occurrence and development of BD by regulating target genes and signaling pathways.However,there are still some limitations and challenges in the current research on extracellular miRNAs in BD.Further improvement and standardization are needed.This article reviews the role of extracellular miRNAs in the pathogenesis of BD and their potential as biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment.By comparing the expression profiles of extracellular miRNAs in BD patients with other mental disorders or neurodegenerative diseases,their potential applications in cross disease diagnosis and treatment are evaluated.

关 键 词：外泌体 MIRNA 双相情感障碍 发病机制 生物标志物 

分 类 号：R749.4[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]