贵州省水田土壤-水稻Hg含量特征与安全种植区划  

Hg Content Characteristics and Safe Planting Zoning of Paddy Soil and Rice in Guizhou Province

作　　者：韦美溜 周浪 黄燕玲 庞瑞 王佛鹏 宋波[1,2] WEI Mei-liu;ZHOU Lang;HUANG Yan-ling;PANG Rui;WANG Fo-peng;SONG Bo(College of Environment Science and Engineering,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541004,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety Guarantee in Karst Area,Guilin 541004,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院,桂林541004 [2]桂林理工大学岩溶地区水污染控制与用水安全保障协同创新中心,桂林541004

出　　处：《环境科学》2024年第5期3005-3015,共11页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52230006);广西科技重大专项(桂科AA17204047)。

摘　　要：贵州省Hg储量和产量均居全国第一,水稻是其第一大粮食作物.为研究贵州省级尺度上土壤-水稻Hg含量特征与污染成因,并进行安全种植区划,采集土壤-水稻成对样品1564组,自然土样470个,水田土样203个,测试其Hg含量和土壤基本理化性质.结果表明:①水田土壤pH呈中性偏酸为主,水田土壤ω(Hg)范围为0.005~93.06 mg·kg^(−1),几何平均值为0.864 mg·kg^(−1),显著高于自然土壤(0.16mg·kg^(−1),P<0.05);与筛选值和管制值比较,土壤样品超标率分别为63.25%和14.71%;就区域性而言,黔东南州的丹寨县、遵义市的务川县、黔西南州的贞丰县和铜仁市的万山区土壤Hg污染较为突出;②水稻ω(Hg)范围为0.0005~0.52 mg·kg^(−1),几何均值为0.010 mg·kg^(−1),水稻Hg含量超标率为25.87%,超标点位主要分布于遵义市的绥阳县、黔西南州的贞丰县、安顺市的西秀区和铜仁市的碧江区等工矿业活动密集区;③研究区绝大部分为优先保护类(占比为74.75%),安全利用类(占比为24.62%),严格管控类(占比为0.93%)零星分布在黔南州和黔东南州交界的丹寨县,黔西南州的贞丰县和铜仁市的万山地区,不建议种植水稻,稻米可作为饲料再生产.Guizhou Province ranks first in terms of Hg reserves and production in the country,and rice is its largest grain crop.In order to study the characteristics and pollution causes of soil-rice Hg content at the provincial level in Guizhou and to carry out safe planting zoning,1564 pairs of soil-rice samples,470 natural soil samples,and 203 individual paddy soil samples were collected to test their Hg content and basic physical and chemical properties of the soil.The results showed that:①Paddy soil was mainly neutral and acidic,the paddy soilω(Hg)range was 0.005-93.06 mg·kg^(−1),and the geometric mean was 0.864 mg·kg^(−1).The Hg content of paddy soil in Guizhou Province was significantly higher than that in natural soil(0.16 mg·kg^(−1),P<0.05).Compared with the filtered value and control value,the soil samples exceeded the standard by 63.25%and 14.71%,respectively.Among them,the soil Hg pollution in Danzhai County of Qiandongnan Prefecture,Wuchuan County of Zunyi City,Zhenfeng County of Qianxinan Prefecture,and Wanshan District of Tongren City was more prominent.②Riceω(Hg)ranged from 0.0005 to 0.52 mg·kg^(−1),and the geometric mean was 0.010 mg·kg^(−1),the percentage of rice Hg content exceeding the standard was 25.87%,and the exceeding points were mainly distributed in Suiyang County of Zunyi City,Zhenfeng County of Qianxinan Prefecture,Xixiu District of Anshun City,Bijiang District of Tongren City,and other industrial and mining activity-intensive areas.③The majority of the study area was in the priority protection category(74.75%);the safe use category accounted for(24.62%);and the strictly controlled category(0.93%)was scattered in Danzhai County at the border between Qiannan Prefecture and Qiandongnan Prefecture,Zhenfeng County in Qianxinan Prefecture,and Wanshan District in Tongren.It is not recommended to plant rice,which can be used as feed for reproduction.

关 键 词：贵州省 汞(Hg) 水田土壤 水稻 安全种植区划 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]