波长可调的量子点纠缠光源(特邀)  

Quantum Dots for Wavelength-tunable Entangled Photon Sources(Invited)

作　　者：陈晨[1] 刘峰[1] CHEN Chen;LIU Feng(State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation,College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学信息与电子工程学院极端光学技术与仪器全国重点实验室,杭州310027

出　　处：《光子学报》2024年第5期99-112,共14页Acta Photonica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(Nos.2022YFA1204700,2023YFB2806000);国家自然科学基金(Nos.62075194,U21A6006)。

摘　　要：可按需产生纠缠光子对的量子光源是光量子网络中的重要组成部分。半导体量子点可确定性地产生高纠缠保真度的光子对。基于量子点构建量子网络所需的量子中继单元时,需要多个发光波长一致的高质量纠缠光源。然而量子点形貌、组分和应力的不均一性严重限制了基于量子点的量子中继器的可扩展性。国内外研究团队发展了多种量子点生长后调节技术,成功调节量子点精细结构劈裂并通过联合多个调节自由度实现多维度的调节。本文综述了目前联合多个调节自由度实现发光波长和精细结构劈裂均能调控的实验方案,总结了不同方案的调节方法和研究现状,并介绍了将量子点与光学微腔相结合通过Purcell效应能进一步提升纠缠光源的性能。最后,对该领域的未来发展进行展望。The quantum internet is a network that can transmit and store quantum information and connect multiple quantum processors.Such quantum networks are the basis of quantum information technologies such as quantum communication,distributed quantum computing,and quantum sensing.Due to photons having low environmental interaction and strong resistance to interference,mature optical fiber networks can provide a solid foundation for the transmission of optical quantum states,serving as an excellent carrier for long-distance transmission.Although the loss of photon transmission in optical fibers will limit the communication distance,the generated quantum state can still be successfully distributed to any remote destination through quantum repeaters.Solid-state sources that emit pairs of entangled photons are an important part of optical quantum networks.In the past,spontaneous parametric down conversion has been used in most photon-based entanglement experiments.However,the generation of photons in this way is a probabilistic process following Poisson statistics.Hence,the probability of generating multiple pairs of photons within an excitation cycle is non-zero,necessitating a balance between the source brightness and the multi-photon emission probability.This would limit applications in complex quantum protocols.Self-assembled semiconductor quantum dots are one of the primary candidates for the deterministic generation of entangled photon pairs,possessing excellent properties of high efficiency,high purity,high indistinguishability,and high entanglement fidelity.Moreover,it can be compatible with semiconductor micro-nano processing technology widely used in the industry and integrated into photonic chips.Among various systems suitable for quantum information research,quantum dots are one of the most attractive choices.However,establishing quantum relays based on quantum dot entangled photon sources still faces some challenges.On the one hand,due to the stochastic nature of quantum dot growth,different quantum dots exhibi

关 键 词：自组装量子点 纠缠光源 精细结构劈裂 联合调控 光学微腔 

分 类 号：O431.2[机械工程—光学工程]