文献学与法国学界查理七世历史叙事的科学转向  

Archives and the Scientific Turn in Narratives of Charles VII in French Historiography

作　　者：高昱[1] Gao Yu

机构地区：[1]浙江大学历史学院,310000

出　　处：《史学理论研究》2024年第2期115-127,160,共14页Historiography Bimonthly

摘　　要：在法国史学史研究中,学界通常认为兰克学派的传入促进了法国学界历史研究的科学化,这一结论忽略了其他学术群体的贡献。几乎与兰克学派传入法国同时,文献学家们与以亨利·马丁为代表的浪漫派历史学家就法国国王查理七世的历史叙事的真实性、公正性,展开了一场大论战,这些文献学家反对后者对查理七世过于主观化、贬低化的叙事,并通过校勘史料、撰写专著等方式,力求公正、客观地评价查理七世。文献学家们留下了诸多书评、专著等材料,清晰地体现了他们追求客观、如实直书的学术追求,他们的学术活动也促进了19世纪法国史学的发展。查理七世历史叙事科学化转向的个案表明,除了兰克主义者,文献学家也为法国史学的科学化转向起到了一定作用。In the study of French historiography,scholars commonly believe that the introduction of the Ranke School promoted the scientification of historical research in French academia.But this assumption overlooks the contributions of other academic groups.Almost at the same time as the Ranke School was introduced into France,archivists and Romantic historical writers,represented by Henri Martin,launched a major debate over the authenticity and impartiality of the historical narratives of King Charles VII of France.These archivists opposed the Romantic writers for their overly subjective and demeaning narrative of Charles VII and attempted to evaluate Charles VII impartially and objectively through collating first-hand materials,writing monographs,and other ways.The archivists had left behind many materials such as book reviews,monographs and others,which clearly reflect their academic pursuit of objectivity and truthfulness.Their academic activities also contributed to the development of French historiography in the nineteenth century.This case study illustrates that,in addition to the Rankean historians,archivists also played a certain role in the scientific turn of French historiography.

关 键 词：法国史学史 查理七世 文献学 史学科学化 

分 类 号：K091[历史地理—历史学]