论商鞅法治主义的内在逻辑及其影响  

THE INNER LOGIC AND INFLUENCE OF SHANG YANG’S RULE OF LAW

作　　者：李刚[1] 蒋永安 LI Gang;JIANG Yong-an(The School of Law,Henan University,Kaifeng 475001,China)

机构地区：[1]河南大学法学院,河南开封475001

出　　处：《南阳理工学院学报》2024年第3期22-27,共6页Journal of Nanyang Institute of Technology

基　　金：黄河文明省部共建协商创新中心重点项目(2020K19);国家社科基金重点项目(18AZS017);国家社科基金重大项目(19ZDA212)。

摘　　要：商鞅法治主义内在逻辑的起点是其历史观与人性论。以商鞅的历史观为视角,可以看出商鞅将物质生产资料作为历史发展的基本线索。商鞅将历史进程划分为不同阶段,并指出不同历史阶段的社会治理方式存在差异。以商鞅的人性论为视角,可以看出商鞅指明了人民趋利避害的本性,从而主张轻罪重刑,目的在于防止人民行奸邪之事,借重刑的手段来遏制人趋利的本性,借此督促人民遵守社会秩序。商鞅提出的法治理论丰富了我国法治文化的内容,为后世的法治建设奠定了坚实的基础,产生了积极影响。不过商鞅忽略了道德的作用,盲目推崇法治万能论,将人民束缚在极为严密的法网之下,繁杂而严苛的法律引起了人民内心的激愤之情,导致其法治主张走向了历史的反面。From the perspective of Shang Yang’s view of history and the theory of human nature can fig-ure out the logic of martingale legalism.From the perspective of Shang Yang’s historical view,it can be seen that Shang Yang takes material and economic conditions as the basic clue of historical development.Shang Yang had divided the historical process into different stages,and pointed out that there are differ-ences in the social governance method in different historical stage.From the perspective of Shang Yang’stheory of human nature,it can be seen that Shang Yang pointed out the nature of the people to seek b-enefits and avoid harm.Thus severe punishment is imposed on those who make mistakes.The aim is toprevent people from committing crimes.People’s nature of seeking profits can be curb because fearing he-avy punishment.Thus people will observe social order.The theory of rule of law produce some good im-pact,such as it put forward by Shang Yang has enriched the content of China’s rule of law culture and laid a solid foundation for the construction of rule of law in future generations.However,Shang Yang’s rule of law ignores the role of intrinsic morality in regulating people’s behavior,which makes his rule oflaw becoming extreme.

关 键 词：商鞅 法治主义 历史观 人性论 

分 类 号：K23[历史地理—历史学]