鹅膏菌毒性成分中毒特征及开发应用研究进展  

Research on toxins,poisoning features and exploitation and utilization of Amanita

作　　者：陈瑜鑫 李瑶[1,2] 高海云 李慧 刘天睿[1,2,3] 袁媛 CHEN Yuxin;LI Yao;GAO Haiyun;LI Hui;LIU Tianrui;YUAN Yuan(Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources in Jiangxi Province,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Industry,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Nanchang Jiangxi 330115,China;Jiangxi Health Industry Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Nanchang Jiangxi 330115,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Gastrodia and Fungi Symbiotic Biology,Zhaotong University,Zhaotong Yunnan 657099,China;State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs,National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院中医药健康产业研究所,中药资源可持续利用江西省重点实验室,江西南昌330115 [2]江西中医药健康产业研究院,江西南昌330115 [3]昭通学院,云南省天麻与真菌共生生物学重点实验室,云南昭通657099 [4]中国中医科学院中药资源中心,道地药材品质保障与资源持续利用全国重点实验室,北京100700

出　　处：《中国药物警戒》2024年第5期496-501,共6页Chinese Journal of Pharmacovigilance

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(ZZ16-ND-12、ZZ16-XRZ-105);中国中医科学院科技创新工程项目(CI2021B014、CI2023D001/CI2023E002-04);云南省天麻与真菌共生生物学重点实验室开放课题项目(TMKF 2023B01);中央本级重大增减支项目(2060302);江西省“双千计划”项目;国家杰出青年科学基金(82325049)。

摘　　要：目的探究鹅膏菌的毒性成分种类、中毒特征及其在医药和生物学领域内的应用前景,提供客观认识鹅膏菌安全性的新视角,为鹅膏菌的进一步合理开发和安全利用提供参考。方法通过检索国内外相关文献,针对鹅膏菌毒性成分、中毒特征及开发利用的现代研究进行整理、分析和归纳。结果鹅膏菌主要含有多肽、氨基酸、生物碱等毒性成分,但其成分组成和含量会受品种、使用部位等多种因素影响;中毒特征主要表现为胃肠道症状和急性肝肾损伤。同时毒性成分在抑菌、抗肿瘤、抗炎等药物开发和生物学研究中也具有开发利用价值。结论鹅膏菌具有重要的开发价值,了解鹅膏菌毒性成分种类、作用机制和安全剂量,有助于为鹅膏菌的临床安全使用及开发利用提供参考。Objective To explore types of toxins,poisoning features and future utilization in the areas of medicine and biology,provide a new perspective for an objective understanding of Amanita safety,as well as references for further rational development and security applications of Amanita.Methods Based on the relevant literature in China and abroad,the present study of poisoning features,exploitation and utilization of toxins in Amanita were categorized,analyzed and summarized.Results Amanita mainly contains toxic components such as peptides,amino acids,and alkaloids,which are affected by the species,the application site and a variety of factors,resulting in a great difference in the composition and content.Main poisoning features of Amanita are gastrointestinal symptomsand acute liver and kidney injury.Meantime,these toxic components also have development and utilization value in the development of antibacterial,anti-tumor,antiinflammatory and other drugs and play important roles in life science researches.Conclusion Amanita has important development value,toxic compositions types and mechanisms and safe dosages of Amanita are clarified to provide reference for the development and safe clinical utility.

关 键 词：鹅膏菌 鹅膏毒肽 毒性成分 中毒特征 剧毒 资源开发 

分 类 号：R994.11[医药卫生—毒理学]